九年一貫教改對國中教師的影響與因應之道---以基北區14所自然與生活科技教師為例

The influence of ”Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ on junior high school teachers and how can they improve it---Take the example of science and civil technology teachers in 14 schools in keelung and Taipei

簡文娟(Wen-Chuan Chien)

指導教授 ： 楊嘉喜

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2002年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200200231

摘要

何謂九年一貫？九年一貫到底是甚麼？相信這是許多家長的疑惑？同樣的站在最前線的教師們對九年一貫的認識是否已足夠了？在整個教學過程中，教師是規劃的中心人物，更是教育改革的關鍵人物，因此我們有必要瞭解教師對九年一貫新課程的想法及心聲。本研究的主要目的有: (一) 探討教師對九年一貫課程的瞭解及政府的宣導是否完善； (二) 探討教師服務年資不同對九年一貫課程的想法及認知之差異性； (三) 瞭解教師面對新課程的困境； (四) 瞭解教師心理的調適情況； (五) 探討教師是否有能力設計及自編合適教材； (六) 改革下是否有完善的配套措施； (七) 歸納本研究的結果，提出一些建議以作為有關單位的參考。
本研究設計的「九年一貫自然與生活科技教師所遇問題之問卷調查表」，分發基北區14所國中，共取得107份有效樣本，依據資料分析，獲致以下幾點結論:
1. 多數教師認為沒有足夠的時間自編教材。
2. 多數教師認為沒有足夠的能力自編教材。
3. 在九年一貫試辦中，教師認為學生主動學習的意願不高佔。
4. 教師們認為專業能力可透過多方面來提升，佔65%。例:校內外研習、讀書會…等等。
5. 政府對家長、教師的宣導都還不足夠，佔60%~90%左右。
6. 班級人數過多、升學壓力大、學生主動學習意願不高、缺乏設計教材及備課時間等，都是教師們在試辦新課程時所遇之問題。
7. 九年一貫多元的作業會嚴重成為學生沉重的負擔(74%)。
8. 壯年教師不同意多元作業會對學生造成負擔，佔74%
9. 有50%的教師對九年一貫課程在心理及專業上都還未做好準備。
10. 教師對九年一貫課程在心理及專業上已做好準備的佔21.7%，其中已資深教師比例較高。
11. 資深教師有較高比例同意有時間自編教材。
12. 年輕教師有較高比例不同意有能力自編教材。
13. 對於網路宣導的方式，資深教師有較高比例不同意(50%)，資深教師較能夠接受印製手冊的方式(83%)。
14. 學校成立課程發展委員會，只有少數教師願意參加(26.5%)

依據研究結論，提出以下10點建議:
1. 在課程教學方面，協助教師專業能力的提升，落實教學自主。
2. 在行政資源方面，發展以教學領導為導向的學校行政及落實小班教學使各方面的資源更充分。
3. 在同仁協同教學的合作方面，資料庫的建立及資源相互分享，可節省時間。
4. 在自我充實方面，建立終生學習的觀念。
5. 在家長資源方面，重視溝通與共識之建立，使家長成為教學及教改的助力而非阻力。
6. 在溝通方面，應多聽基層教師的意見。
7. 在政策宣導方面，改善新課程的宣導方式，要能引起教師、家長及學生的共鳴，以減少推行九年一貫之阻力。
8. 在師資培育方面，調整培育課程，以配合各學習領域之教學。
9. 建立健全的配套措施。
10. 升學體制不變，改革之路難行，期盼有關單位做一調整。

關鍵字

教育改革 ； 九年一貫

並列摘要

What it so-called ” Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” What is “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ indeed? I believe that many parents feel confused about this. In the meantime, have teachers known well about ” Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” ? During the whole teaching procedure, teachers not only play the center part of planning but also hold the key of, education reform, so we have to understand what teachers think about “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” . The followings are the goals of this research:
1. To discuss if teachers know well about “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” and the govern mental propaganda.
2. To discuss the difference of teacher’s ideas and recognition among difference ages.
3. To understand the possible frustrations when teachers face the new curriculum.
4. To understand how teachers deal with their mental situation.
5. To discuss if teachers are able to design the proper teaching materials.
6. To understand if we (they) have the complete ways of solving problems?
7. According to all the result of this study, I want to offer some suggestions on the reference of the government.

“ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” of this study were sent to 14 junior high schools in Taipei and keelung , and 107 effective feedback are received. According to the analysis, I got the conclusions as the followings:
1. Most teachers don’t think they have enough time to design the teaching materials.
2. Most teachers don’t think they have enough ability to design the teaching materials.
3. When trying “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ , the teachers think that the willingness of students to study automatically (on their own) is low.
4. Teachers think they can promote their own teaching abilities by many kinds of ways，including the teaching training or the reading society.
5. The governmental propaganda to the parents and the teachers is not enough.
6. When teachers try the new curriculum, they come across the problems such as too many students in a class, too much pressure for students to enter a good school, the low willingness of students to study automatically, the lack of time for teachers to design their teaching plans and prepare for their teaching.
7. The homework of “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ will become students, heavy burden.
8. The teachers from 30-40 don’t agree with the idea that the homework of “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ will became students’ heavy burden.
9. 50% teachers have not got ready for “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum “ in phychological situation and professional skill.
10. 21.7% teachers have already got ready for the new curriculm in phychological situation and professional skill, among them, the senior teachers take the more percentage.
11. More percentage of senior teachers agree that they have time to design teaching material.
12. More percentage of younger teachers don’t agree that they have the abilities to design teaching material.
13. More percentage of senior teachers don’t agree with thy way of internet propaganda, and they can accept thy way of printing handbooks.
14. When the school authority develop course development committee , only few teachers are willing to attend it.

According to the conclusion above, I will offer ten suggestions as the followings:
1. In the aspect of curriculum , I suggest the government should help teachers promote their professional ability in order to fulfill freedom in teaching.
2. In the aspect of the school resources, I suggest the government should develop teaching as the leadership and shorten the classes to be fewer students in one class.
3. From the cooperation of teaching among teachers, I suggest the government should build the data bank and provides resources to teachers in order to save time.
4. To fulfill one’s expectations, I suggest teachers should create the idea to learn all their life.
5. In the aspect of the parents resources, I suggest the school authority and teachers should communicate with parents well, thus parents will help the school and teachers promote the education but not to stop them.
6. From the communication, I suggest the government should hear more the voices of basic teachers.
7. For passing informations, I suggest the authority should improve the way of distributing informations in order to interest teachers, parents and students.
8. To educate the (pre) teachers, I suggest the authority should change the educational curriculum to fit the teachers of each teaching field.
9. To create complete ways of solving “ Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum ” problems.
10. If we have the same system of entering schools, it’s hard (for us) to fulfill education revolution. I suggest the government should pay more attention to this.

並列關鍵字

education reform ； Grade 1-9 Integrated Curriculum

參考文獻

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