老化與磨損試驗對聚丙烯材質織布強度影響研究

A Study on the Significance of Aging and Abrasion Test Performance for polypropylene Woven Geotextile

宋朝斌(Chao-Ping Sung)

指導教授 ： 張達德

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2002年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200200463

摘要

織物材料的使用逐年增加，使用織布的比例亦開始升高，因此對織布材料的研究相形重要。而針對地工合成材料的耐久性研究包括很多方面，主要是指對紫外線（UV）輻射、溫度變化、化學與生物侵蝕、乾溼變化、凍融變化和機械磨損等外界因素變化的抵抗能力，材料的耐久性主要與聚合物的類型及添加劑的性質有關。
本研究主要是針對兩種聚丙烯組成的織布材料GTM-1（sample A）、GTM-2（sample B）進行研究，對材料的耐候性進行評估，包含老化試驗（紫外線照射、溫度凍融）和磨損（砂紙磨損、織布洛杉磯磨損）主題，探討各模擬環境對材料的影響，觀察織布強度的變化情形。
紫外線照射200hr的結果織物A經向、緯向與織物B經向、緯向的強度保持率皆大於90﹪，織物照射時間為500hr時，則則皆大於70﹪，合乎美國FHWA加筋要求照射500hr之殘餘強度不得小於70﹪，故此聚丙烯加碳黑穩定處理的織布對紫外線有良好的抵抗能力。
溫度與冰凍養治時間對聚丙烯材料組成織布的強度影響不大，對於此試驗條件下織布殘餘強度皆大於90﹪，而所有凍融循環對各強度保持率則皆有80﹪以上，凍融循環較純粹是冰凍養治環境對強度影響顯著。
洛杉磯磨損試驗所得之強度結果比砂布式抗磨損試驗之差異性較小（因採寬幅法抗張強度為依據，試片尺寸大涵蓋性廣），且可採用現地鋪設時所用之磨擦材料，以完全模擬現地之狀況，故建議以洛杉磯磨損試驗取代砂布式抗磨損試驗。

關鍵字

殘餘強度 ； 織布洛杉磯磨損 ； 砂布磨損試驗 ； 凍融循環 ； 聚丙烯 ； 紫外線抵抗

並列摘要

As the use of fabric increasing, the research of fabric materials is getting more and more important. The research of durability of geosynthetics included many aspects, mostly about the resistance to ultraviolet (UV) rays, temperature variation, chemical and biological erosion, wet-dry cycling, frozen-thaw cycling, and mechanical abrasion. The durability of material is mainly related to the type of polymer and the property of addictives.

Two type of polypropylene fabrics GTM-1（Sample A）and GTM-2（Sample-B）were testing in this study to discuss different kinds of environmental simulations affecting the material, and subsequently observe the strength variation of fabric. These tests include the ageing tests（under the UV and frozen-thaw cycling）and abrasion tests（against sandpaper abrasion test and Los Angels test of fabric）.

As the result, both Sample A and Sample B have maintain 90% of longitudinal and latitudinal strength under UV for 200 hr, and 70% under UV for 500 hr, which meets the FHWA requirement of no less than 40% under UV for 500hr. Therefore, this polypropylene fabric stabilized with carbon black has great UV resisting ability.

Temperature and the time of freezing curing do not affect the strength of fabric much. The residual strength is larger than 90% under the tests. However, all samples have maintenance rate more that 80% under frozen-thaw cycling. The strength is affected more under the frozen-thaw cycling more than only under freezing cure.

The strength results of fabric Los Angels tests have smaller variation than the Sandpaper tests.（due to the large sample size according to wide-width tensile test ） Moreover, the material used on pavement in situ to resist abrasion can be applied to simulate the in situ condition. Hence substitute the sandpaper test with fabric Los Angles test is recommended.

並列關鍵字

residual strength ； Los Angles Test of fabric ； polypropylene ； Sandpaper Abrasion Test ； UV resistance ； freeze-thaw cycling

參考文獻

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