- 學位論文
女性神學對女性形象之重構
The Reconstruction of The Feminine Image in Feminist Theology
摘要
論文提要 1960年代，隨著第二波女性主義思潮的興起，基督教神學也面臨著來自女性神學的挑戰。女性以其自身受壓迫的經驗，對文化傳統與神學傳統提出質疑，並隨著女性自我意識的醒覺，在教會中，她們開始向傳統教會釋經教導中的濃厚父權意識提出挑戰；藉由對經文的重新詮釋，或挖掘出被掩蓋住的女聲，或以歷史批判的角度重讀經文，或找出天父之女性面貌等等。而這些努力，基本上都是站在《聖經》的基礎上，意即，不是反對《聖經》或全盤推翻《聖經》的權威性，而是反對將經文教條化，字句神聖化，教導權威化，據此鞏固以男性為中心的釋經角度，罔顧父權歷史對女性的宰制及傷害。 本論文即是基於這樣的立場，立足於基督信仰脈絡中，針對《聖經》詮釋與父權文化雙重結合下，長久以來對基督徒女性所造成的錯誤認知形象作一探究。而顯然對伊甸夏娃之詮釋便是一個核心問題，因為「第一位」《聖經》女性的形象牽動著爾後基督宗教對性別與救恩論、教會關係上之神學論述與實踐，有著極為深遠的影響，所以論文第三章依此一問題意識開展出對《創世紀》一〜三章主要經文之辨明與重構。 論文中並針對教會延續此父權傳統對夏娃之偏差詮釋，所造成女性在基督教文化中扭曲的形象與地位，提出批判及探討。最後藉由門徒對耶穌之言行記載，閱讀出耶穌對於父權文化下女性形象之顛覆性與突破性；在「道成肉身」的真實臨在裡，他豎立起兩性平等的典範，這點對女性主義神學而言具有重大意義。也因此，在彌賽亞的來臨中，「真理必叫你們得以自由」（約8：32 b）成為真實的信仰允諾。
並列摘要
Abstract During the 1960’s, following the revival of the second wave of the changing tide of feminist philosophy, Christian theology also confronted the feminist theology challenge. Due to the long oppressive era that women had endured, they, justifiably, questioned the cultural traditions, as well as previously unchallenged theological traditions. In the church, the awakening of female self-consciousness, started to challenge the strong the patriarch, which had long been implanted by the traditional church, by re-interpreting the scripture, by disclosing the hidden female voice, by re-reading the scripture in accordance with the aspect historical critique, or by discovering the female segment of the Heavenly Father. Thus, these efforts essentially based on the Bible, it did not totally disregard the Bible or overturned its authority, but purposefully opposed to making the Scripture dogmatic, using of so-called sanctified words, and authoritative teachings in order to consolidate a male-define interpretation, thereby, ignoring the harm and domination perpetuated towards the patriarchal history of women. Owing to this concept, my thesis is based on the context of Christian faith, and is aimed at examining old faulty images and attitudes expressed towards female Christians, under the twin aspects of biblical interpretation and patriarchal culture. However, it is obviously that the illustration of Eden Eve is the core problem. The wrongfully long held image of the first Biblical female has adversely influenced Christian theology towards gender, redemption, and towards the theological discourse and practice of Institution. In order to illustrate my point, in relation to the question in chapter three of my thesis has developed dialectic and reconstruction from the main verses in Chapter One to Three of the Genesis. My thesis also criticizes and reexamines the prejudiced expressed towards Eve that has been conveyed by patriarchal traditions, resulting in the image and status of women unfairly suffering within the Christian culture. Eventually through the recording of Jesus’ life and words, written by his disciples, we comprehend how Jesus revolutionized and overturned the female image under the patriarchal cultures. On the arrival of the Incarnation One, he erected the model of equality of men and women. However it has had a great meaning to feminist theology. Therefore, the coming of Christ, has become the authentic promise of faith, the truth will set you free (John 8:32b).