多分割畫面監視螢幕對監控人員訊號偵測能力與快速反應能力的影響

The Human Capacity of Signal Detection and Reaction in Multi-Screen Monitoring Tasks

張曉菁(Hsiao-Ching Chang)

指導教授 ： 林久翔

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300652

摘要

近來監控系統以及監控室的設計利用了非常複雜的技術，而此技術使得潛在的服務能力更為廣大，然而在執行時，這潛在的能力時常不是那麼被充分瞭解。對於監控大量來自攝影機傳送到監視器，再到監控人員眼前的資訊，在執行上必須有很多因應的解決方法。同時有多個影像呈現在一台監視器螢幕上，雖然所涵蓋的範圍更大，卻會導致影像的清晰度惡化。待在有人因介面的監控環境中，人員績效可能會有所不同，雖然集中了注意力，但也是會疏忽、看漏，發生小小的錯誤。本研究透過星際模擬程式去進行訊號偵測的視覺搜尋，探討在訊號出現週期不同(30、60、180、300、480秒)與畫面分割數不同(4、9、16分割)的監控系統環境中，監控人員長時間進行監控作業，會對其訊號偵測能力(命中率、誤判數)及平均反應時間造成何種影響，而決定畫面要多少分割時，績效最好，又最能讓控人員接受，並且找出重要監視區域。分析結果顯示，監控人員面對4分割和9分割畫面的監視螢幕時，其視覺搜尋的績效是比較好的；監控人員在監視器螢幕上做視覺搜尋動作時，其注意力的分配幾乎呈「十字形」，因此建議監測點畫面的位置安排，依其各畫面資訊的重要度，集中放置在「十字形」重要監視區域裡。

關鍵字

多分割畫面監視螢幕 ； 視覺搜尋 ； 注意力 ； 訊號偵測能力

並列摘要

Current control room design makes use of highly sophisticated technology which has led to the potential for ever greater service capabilities, yet this potential is often not fully realized in implementation. In an attempt to control the amount of information coming from cameras to monitors then to the operator, a number of solutions have been implemented. The simultaneous display of multi-screen images on a single monitor allows greater coverage but leads to major deterioration in image clarity. The performance of personnel within the control room environment can differ markedly, and simple errors of attention or oversights may occur despite intensive attention to the ergonomic interface. By a simulated experiment, subjects perform the multi-screen monitoring task with random signals and different number of split screens for a period of time. The experiment studies how the task influences the human capabilities of signal detection (hit rate, number of false alarm) and average reaction time. The study tried to answer the appropriate number of camera views screens that one operator can keep track of and still has a high performance. The study also looks for major attention areas on the multi-screen monitor. The result shows that 4-screen and 9-screen monitors have better performance. Human attention follows a cross shape on the center of the monitor, hence important camera views should be allocated centrally.

並列關鍵字

visual search ； attention ； signal detection ； multi-screen monitor

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