以線性組合觀念設計電壓式OTA-C高階萬用濾波電路

Design of Voltage-Mode High-Order OTA-C Universal Filter Structure Using Linear Combination Approach

張登碩(Teng-Shuo Chang)

指導教授 ： 侯俊禮 ； 張俊明

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400441

摘要

摘 要
本論文將設計一個優於先前學者所提出的電路，以線性組合的觀念設計出高階萬用濾波電路，其優點在於電路設計使用較少的主、被動元件，用單端輸入的主動元件及接地電容，大幅降低寄生電容的效應。
本論文以Mansour Moniri 和 Bashir Al-Hashimi兩位學者所提出的建構方塊為開端[1]，以線性組合的觀念設計出高階萬用濾波電路，其電路架構為單電壓輸入以及單電壓輸出，經由適當轉導的選擇，在輸出端可實現高通、低通、帶通、帶拒、全通等五種濾波器功能。本論文所使用的主動元件為：運算轉導放大器(Operational Transconductance Amplifier ; OTA) 及第二代電流控制傳輸器(Second generation Current Controlled Conveyor ; CCCII)。由於主動元件OTA及CCCII，其轉導值及內部Ｘ端本質電阻值，均可以偏壓電流予以調整，在電路設計時可以免除電阻的使用，電路結構簡單化。另外，元件輸入端為高阻抗，具有可直接串接前級電路的優點，一個n階通用濾濾波器僅需使用2n+4個主動元件及n個接地電容。
本論文所提出的電路均以HSPICE做為實際驗證的模擬工具，以聯華電子公司UMC05 LEVEL49 的製程參數做為在晶片化前的考量參數，因此本論文的濾波電路只要經過佈局（Layout）與Post Simulation就可以下線(Type out)作實際的驗證。本論文以Matlab作理論值的驗證，HSPICE所模擬數據與理論值均相當吻合，因此本論文所設計的電路，未來在實際的運用上均有很大的發展及參考之處。

關鍵字

線性組合觀念 ； 電壓式OTA-C ； 高階萬用濾波電路

並列摘要

Abstract
The voltage-mode high-order universal filter structure using linear combination approach has been studied ing this thesis [7-20]. A fundamental high-order multi-function ( lowpass , bandpass, and highpass ) filter structure is realized first. Different order output signals can be obtained from different nodes in the fundarnental filter structure. Therefore, the linear combination of the output signals of the fundamental filter structure maker any kinds of filtering functions. The synthesize voltage-mode high-order universal filter structure employs 2n+4 single-input active elements and n grounded capacitors.
The second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCII) with electronically tunable inner resistance and used in the design. Using nullator-and norator equivalent transformationk, the CCCII-based filter structure can be transformed into the operational Transconductance Amplifier based filter structure. Note that the transconductance of an OTA is also adjustable by the bias current.
H-Spice simulations are used for carrying out the comparison between CCCII-absed and OTA-based filter structures in terms of filtering performance, noise, and sensitivity analysis. Simulation results validate the theory predictons

並列關鍵字

Linear Combination Approach ； Voltage-Mode High-Order OTA-C

參考文獻

[1] Mansour Moniri and Bashir Al-Hashimi, “Systematic generation of current mode dual-output OTA filters using a building block approach,” Int. J. Electron., vol. 83, no 1, pp. 37-48,1997.

[3] Ali TOKER, Ece O. G. and Serder ?. “New high-Q bandpass filter configuration using current conveyor based all-pass filters,” IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory, 0-7803-7057-0 pp.165-168, 2001.

[4] A. S. Sedra and K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, 4th ed., New York: Oxford, 1997.

[5] A . Fabra, O. Saaid, F. Wiest and C. Boucheron, “High frequency applications based on a new current controlled conveyor,” IEEE Trans. on Circuit and System-I, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 82-91, 1996.

[7] Masami Higashimura and Yutaka Fukui, “Simulation of lossless floating inductance using two current conveyors and an operational transconductance amplifier”, Int. J. Electron., vol.66, no.4, pp.633-638, 1989.