影響組織知識再利用之因素探討

A Study of the Factors Associated with Knowledge Reusing in the Organization

陳雅仙(Yah-Shien Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳肇銘

中原大學/商學院/資訊管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500534

摘要

知識成為企業的核心競爭力，起源於美國90年代間之「知識經濟」時代。Rojas(2003)等學者認為，知識是存在於組織中的一部份，而知識經由擷取、組織等過程是為了能幫助組織在實際的「利用」階段之決策制定上。根據國內一項針對知識管理議題所作之調查發現，國內有近21%的企業面臨到組織內部無法在足夠的知識庫存量下提高知識與資訊的使用率。此一結果顯示，大多數企業擁有的「既有」知識與資訊，呈現一個不交流且停擺的狀態，同時，知識在儲存後，缺乏人員的吸收與利用下，其結果將不利於組織在知識的分享與傳播過程。
有鑑於此問題，本研究欲探討企業在推動知識管理後的應用上，影響其知識能否再利用的相關因素，包括：探討影響企業組織之知識再利用的因素為何？了解在外部環境的變動下，影響組織推動知識管理的動機為何？探討各內部因素，包括：資訊科技、組織、人員、知識結構、成本，對知識再利用的影響？進一步了解知識再利用的影響因素間之關聯性為何？
本研究利用多重個案研究的方式，以問卷訪談型式對個案公司作深度分析與發掘現象之間的關係。以百貨流通業與資訊軟體業兩家為個案之研究對象，希望透過跨產業的個案研究，歸納出企業組織的影響因素關係與結論。根據個案訪談的過程中，本研究歸納出研究發現與分析如下：
一、 企業所處的產業與環境壓力，造成推動知識管理上的動機不同。
二、 企業的「產業特性」影響其對知識來源的重視與作法－－電視流通業以外部消費市場知識為主，資訊軟體業偏重內部的經驗知識。
三、 「資訊科技」因素之影響，要著重能達到知識交流的功能目的。
四、 「人員」與「組織」之因素，會對「成本」因素造成對知識再利用的影響。
五、 企業之「知識結構」因素成為影響核心，應配合組織的知識流向。
六、 「知識有用性」的評估機制不易，應避免人為的限制與困難。

關鍵字

組織知識、知識管理、知識再利用

並列摘要

Knowledge has become the core of enterprises’ competitive ability, which is so-called “the knowledge-base economy age” after 90’s the economical growth in USA. Rojas and others (2003) regard that knowledge is part of organizations. The reason why people extract and organize knowledge is because they want to apply the knowledge to making policy on the utilization stage in reality. According to the research on knowledge management, however, the problem of approximate 21% of domestic enterprises facing is that these enterprises can’t raise the rate of knowledge using despite of enough knowledge they’ve already owned. This result means that knowledge which employees can’t get enough information from and use efficiently doesn’t flow very well in these enterprises. Meanwhile, the research result also explains that even the knowledge is being stored, if no employees in the company can absorb and utilize it, which is no good on sharing and spreading the knowledge afterwards.
Based on this problem, this study wants to find out the related elements that influence enterprises how to push about the post-management of knowledge. These elements include: What are the factors which influence enterprises to reuse knowledge? What are the motivations which influence organizations to push knowledge management? What are the inner elements, including information technology, organization, employees, knowledge structure and cost, which influence enterprises to reuse knowledge? Furthermore, what is the relationship among these factors which influence enterprises to reuse knowledge?
Multiple- cases method is applied for in this study to analyze deeply and discover the factors associated with knowledge reusing and organization. The results are in the following:
1. The pressure of industry and environment on enterprises results in the different motivations which influence enterprises to push about knowledge management.
2. The “characters of industry” also have an influence on how much emphasis enterprises put on origins of knowledge and on how enterprises deal with origins of knowledge. For example, TV Circulation Industries looks up on the outerior purchasing market knowledge; however, Information Service Industries look up more on the interior experience.
3. The influence of technological information factor is aimed to achieve the goal of knowledge interaction.
4. The factors of employees and organizations influence cost factor which influence knowledge reuse.
5. The organization of knowledge of enterprise is the main core which should go with the knowledge development of organization.
6. The evaluation of knowledge practicalness is complex, which should avoid the artificial limit and difficulty.

並列關鍵字

knowledge management ； organization knowledge ； knowledge reuse

參考文獻

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