台灣勞動人口之薪資結構研究

A Study about Wage Structures of Labor Force in Taiwan

羅宜岱(Yi-Tai Lo)

指導教授 ： 何瓊芳

中原大學/商學院/國際貿易研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500656

摘要

摘 要
本研究主要為瞭解影響台灣地區對薪資的重要因素，以教育程度、工作年數、子女數目、全日工時、部分工時及行、職業為主要研究變項，嘗試從中得知各變項對薪資的影響程度及對個人產生之影響性，希望藉由此研究可知，造成勞動者薪資差異的主要原因及各變數項間對勞動者之影響及相互關係。而本文採用2004年行政院主計處的人力資源調查報告暨其人力調查報告資料做為分析的依據，以SPSS統計分析軟體做分析，利用多元迴歸及單因子多變量變異數數分析為主要研究模式，研究得知以薪資為應變數，教育程度、工作年數、子女數目、全日工時、部分工時為自變數做多元迴歸分析，結果發現，以上各變數項對薪資有顯著的影響。
行、職業利用單因子多變量變異數分析，由研究結果，顯示行業與職業息息相關，在本研究中可知：金融及保險業薪資最高，農、林、漁、牧、礦業薪資最低；而教育年數、工作年數、子女數目、工時、薪資皆與行、職業有相關之處，在行、職業中，一般教育程度高、工作年數長、子女數目少且為全工時者，其薪資高，反之則低；但較特別者為農、林、漁、牧業，其工作年數長，反而薪資低，其主要原因為農、林、漁、牧業者，大部分為承襲上一輩之事業成為終身工作，僅要求自己自足；而電子業、金融及保險業者則工作年數短、薪資高，因為當今邁入新科技時代，以上兩者皆為當代所最需要的科技新秀與專業人才之結果所導致。

關鍵字：薪資、工作年數、行業、職業

關鍵字

薪資 ； 工作年數 ； 行業 ； 職業

並列摘要

Abstract
This study focuses on the variables that affect the wages difference in Taiwan area, including variables such as degree of education, job tenure, numbers of children, full time/part time work hours. This study uses these variables to understand the influence of these variables on the laborers’ wage and the relationship among these variables as a whole as of how they affect the laborers’ lifestyle and wage. Using 2004 yearly data of human resources from Directorate-General of Budget, Account Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C., the study applies SPSS statistical analysis calculating program using Multiple Regression Analysis and 1-Way MANOVA（1-Way Multivariate Analysis of Variance）as mathematics base. The model uses wage as dependent variable, but degree of education, job tenure, numbers of children, full time/part time work hours as explanatory variables, and it is found that the above variables influence wage significantly.
In 1-Way MANOVA（1-Way Multivariate Analysis of Variance ）, the study
found that profession and occupation have a direct relationship. Person who work in finance and insurance sectors have the highest wage, while Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery, Livestock industry, Mineral extractions workers have the lowest wage; degree of education, job tenure, numbers of children, and full time/part time work length also have a direct relationship with profession and occupation: the combination of higher degree of education, longer job tenure, lower numbers of children, and full timer have the highest wage. But in the case of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery, Livestock industry, workers have longer job tenure but with a lower wage, this may be attributed to the low skill required by the business throughout the ages. They mostly work only for their own supplies with little surplus; while in the Electronics, Finance and Insurance industries have the shorter job tenure and a higher wage due to the fact that nowadays’ advanced technologies and the e-generation society heavily rely on these industries to function well.

Key words: wage, job tenure, profession , occupation

並列關鍵字

wage ； profession ； job tenure ； occupation

參考文獻

蔡瑞明、林大森，「滾時不生苔？台灣勞力市場中的工作經歷對薪資的影響」，台灣社會學刊，第29期，57－95頁（2002）。

劉正，「學校教育在台灣勞動市場的重要性：人力資本理論或文憑主義？」，教育社會學通訊，17-19頁（1999）。

Becker, G.S., “The Economics of Discrimination, ” American Economic Review,

Becker, G.S., “Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with

Special Reference to Education, ” Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, pp. xxii 390 (1993).