歷史不會重複,卻總是相似。2008年的全球金融風暴步入歷史,隨之而來的是2011年由歐洲債務問題所引發的全球經濟危機。然而,對於貿易商而言,將提升佈局世界各國的貿易風險,許多貿易商的全球佈局策略可能會因此改變。對於歷經兩次的經貿問題,是故知其所困才能破其所困,進而增其所力。另外,跟隨「區域經濟」的貿易佈局趨勢,許多新興市場國家的發展潛力逐漸超越了重要市場國家,貿易商的佈局腳步逐漸轉換,本研究希望能探討貿易商如何能進一步有效的針對不同經濟區域的貿易風險,了解與評估其貿易風險,使企業達到佈局世界、放眼全球的目標。 有鑑於此,本研究透過貿易商所需考量的種種因素,並依據相關研究與文獻的參考,研究在貿易風險與在下列相關變數的差異,包含:(1)依全球區域經濟的經濟區域型的分為「歐盟八國」、「東協七國」與「北美自由貿易區」;(2)依全球區域經濟的經濟組織型的分為「七大工業國」、「金磚四國」與「展望五國」;(3)依國家發展階段依造GDP成長度的分為「新興市場國家」與「重要市場國家」;(4)依國家方展階段依造人均GDP的分為「高所得國家」、「中所得國家」與「低所得國家」;(5)分析「2009年全球金融風暴」與「2012年歐美債信危機」的風險滿意差異。並藉由量化的統計分析方式,透過對於已在世界各國佈局貿易商所做的問卷調查,回收505份有效問卷,進行相關統計分析。經過整理歸納研究後得到下結論: 1. 貿易商赴各國經商時面對不同經濟區域型的國家對貿易風險滿意度的評價不同,其中以北美貿易自由區與歐盟八國滿意度高於東協七國。 2. 貿易商赴各國經商時面對不同經濟組織型的國家對貿易風險滿意度的評價不同,其中以七大工業國高於金磚四國與展望五國。 3. 貿易商赴各國經商時面對不同GDP成長度的國家對貿易風險滿意度的評價不同,其中以重要市場國家高於新興市場國家。 4. 貿易商赴各國經商時面對不同人均GDP的國家對貿易風險滿意度的評價不同,其中以高所得國家高於中所得國家與低所得國家。 5、貿易商赴各國經商時,貿易風險隨著時間的變化,其中支付風險而言其風險滿意度2012年歐美債信危機高於2009年金融風暴。
History never repeats, but is always surprisingly similar. Although The 2008 global financial crisis has become a part of history, the following is The 2011 European Debt Problem. These have increased the risk of international trading arrangement. Many traders may hence change their strategy. After the two financial storms, traders have to understand the issues to resolve them. In addition, following the trend of regional economic, traders have gradually changed their strategy because emerging market countries have more potential in development than important market countries. Will affect trade layout change. Therefore, the goal of this study is to discuss how traders can effectively understand the trade risks for different economic regions, and to enable enterprises to global distribution. This study is based on the past studies and research reports. And therefore aims to explore is trade risks and related variables are selected in this thesis, including (1) different Organization regional economic is divided into ‘8 countries of EU‘,’7 countries of ASEAN‘ and ’NAFTA‘. (2) different economic Organization is divided into ’G7‘, ’BRICs‘ and ’VISTA‘. (3) different GDP countries is divided into ’emerging market countries‘ and ’important market countries‘. (4) different Real GDP per Capita divided into ’High Income‘, ’Middle Income‘ and ’Lower Income‘. (5) Compared with 2009 and 2012 financial storm. This research adopts a questionnaire survey which recycles effective questionnaire 505 and finds that (1) different trade risk satisfaction in different Organization regional economic. (2) different trade risk satisfaction in different economic Organization. (3) different trade risk satisfaction in different GDP. (4) different trade risk satisfaction in different Real GDP per Capita. (5) different payment risk on 2009 and 2012.