公營事業公務員權利救濟法制之檢討－以公營事業依法任用之人員為中心

A Review of the Legal System of Right to Remedy of Public Officials in Government-Owned Enterprises - Focusing on Staffs in Government-Owned Enterprises Appointed According to the Laws

何月只(Yueh-Chih Ho)

指導教授 ： 傅玲靜

中原大學/商學院/財經法律研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200840

摘要

公營事業之範圍相當廣泛複雜，與一般行政機關之任務性質不同，包括公司組織或非公司組織形態之公營事業，依其業務性質，主要分為交通事業、生產事業及金融事業三大類，其公務員分別稱為資位人員、分類職位人員及金融人員。雖然勞動基準法第84條創設所謂「公務員兼具勞工身分者」，但其有關任（派）免、薪資、獎懲、退休、撫卹及保險（含職業災害）等事項，仍應適用公務員法令之特殊規定，並不影響其公務員之身分。
保障公務人員權益之公務人員保障法，雖於第102條第3款將公營事業依法任用之人員，列為準用該法之人員，惟據主管機關公務人員保障暨培訓委員會之見解，公營事業機構從業人員中，除依公務人員或事業人員相關任用法律（如交通事業人員任用條例）任用者外，並不適用或準用公務人員保障法之規定，以致有部分公營事業人員無法依公務人員保障法規定之救濟程序提起救濟。本文列舉數則公營事業公務員提起救濟之案例，呈現各公營事業公務員間救濟權利之差異，以彰顯公營事業公務員不適用或準用公務人員保障法規定所生之問題。
而公營事業人員非屬公務人員保障法之保障對象，究其原因為公營事業公務員任用法制係非法律或法律授權之法規命令，以及公務人員保障法第102條第3款解釋上限縮於「依法任用」之規定，因此最終的原因在於公務人員進用法制與法律保留原則的問題。因此，本文將由公營事業公務員公法上職務關係、公營事業公務員任用法制現況之觀察，以及法律保留原則審查標準之論述，藉以探討其任用法制是否符合法律保留原則之要求，並進而提出建議，以解決公營事業公務員權益保障與權利救濟之爭議。

關鍵字

公營事業依法任用之人員 ； 公法上職務關係 ； 公務人員保障法 ； 公營事業公務員 ； 公營事業公務員權利救濟

並列摘要

The scope of Public Enterprise is very extensive and complicated, and the task property of it is quite different than the general administrative organization too. Moreo-ver, based on its business characteristic, it can be mainly divided into traffic business, manufacturing business and financial business. And the civil servants are called respec-tively Rank Personnel, Categorized Position Personnel and Financial Personnel.Although article 84 of Labor Standards Act has created “a civil servant who also has the legal status of a worker”, yet civil service laws and regulations shall govern such matters as appointment,discharge,wage, salary, award and discipline retirement, survivors compensation and insurance (including that for occupational accidents).
Although the clause 3 of article 102 of Civil Service Protection Act has included “the personnel appointed by public enterprises according to laws” shall apply mutatis mutandis to the act, yet according to the opinion of Civil Service Protection and Training Commission, among the employees of Public Enterprise organization, they are not protected under the Civil Service Protection Act except those appointed according to civil servant or enterprise personnel related to the appointment law; therefore, some Public Enterprise personnel cannot look for remedy according to the remedy procedures as specified in Civil Service Protection Act. In this study, several cases for the civil servant in Public Enterprise to submit the remedy show the differences in the right of remedy for the civil servant among Public Enterprises to highlight the issues arise when civil servant of Public Enterprise are not applicable to Civil Service Protection Act.
The reason that personnel in Public Enterprise are not the target of protection of Civil Service Protection Act is because Public Enterprise civil servant appointing act is not law or is not rule or regulation that is authorized by the law. Moreover, since the ex-planation of the clause 3 of article 102 of Civil Service Protection Act is limited to “ap-pointing according to laws”, hence, the final cause is the issue of civil servant appointing law and principle of reservation of law. Therefore, in this study, observation is going to be made from the theory of duty Relationship under public law for civil servant of Pub-lic Enterprise and the current situation of civil servant appointment legal system in Public Enterprise, and discuss the review standard of the principle of legal reservation, the final goal is to investigate if the appointing law meets the requirement of the principle of legal reservation.

並列關鍵字

the personnel appointed by public enterprises according to laws ； the theory of duty Relationship under public law ； Civil Service Protection Act ； Civil servant of Public Enterprise

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