The Government implemented 「Statute for Industrial Innovation」since January 1, 2010, with the termination of 「Enforcement Rules of the Statute for Upgrading Industries」 at the end of 2009. However, the provision of the tax incentives between 「Statute for Industrial Innovation」and 「Enforcement Rules of the Statute for Upgrading Industries」has been very different. After comparing the provisions of the tax relief incentives between this two statutes, the effective R&D tax credit rate was reduced from 30% to 15% and tax incentives also applied to traditional industries not only high-tech industries. Therefore, this study examines the difference on R&D investment and firm’s performance between high-tech and traditional industries following the implementation of「Statute for Industrial Innovation」. The empirical results indicate that the impact of 「Statute for Industrial Innovation」on industry difference in R&D investment, suggest tax reform will be helpful to narrow the gap of investment tax credits between hi-tech and traditional industries. Namely, the「Statute for Industrial Innovation」 has mitigated current inequitable distribution of tax burdens between both industries. Besides, the empirical results also show traditional industries with investment tax credits of R&D increased significantly in firm’s performance following the tax reform, implying that the effect of the implementation of「Statute for Industrial Innovation」on traditional industries firm’s performance than high-tech industries.