操作介面互動模式與手指觸控之關係研究-以觸控式智慧型行動電話為例

隨著觸控式智慧型螢幕行動電話迅速成長，以手為輸入裝置的觸控式螢幕操作模式使得人機關係變得緊密，而智慧型行動電話極簡化的操作介面涵蓋眾多功能，並以不同的操作模式配合多種的手指觸控形式運行，使用者需花費更多時間在操作介面中找尋功能或學習，當使用者對於操作模式的認知產生差異時，操作問題應然而生，本研究的目的在於了解不同操作模式之使用績效、手指觸控形式與操作動作，經由使用績效探討不同操作模式之功能預示性，以及不同使用經驗者是否影響使用績效。本研究之實驗設計採受測者間實驗設計法，目的是為了瞭解觸控式螢幕智慧型行動電話之操作模式的功能預示性與手指觸控形式配置，是否影響使用者的操作績效、使用的手指觸控形式與操作動作之認知與影響，實驗研究分為(1)量化研究：以錄影觀察法記錄受測者操作過程、錯誤率與時間，並使用問卷調查法進行使用者互動滿意量表(QUIS)與系統易用性評量表(SUS)，以瞭解操作介面互動模式設計與手指觸控形式之配置對於受測者的操作績效；(2)質性研究：以觀察法記錄受測者整體操作過程中所使用的手指觸控形式、操作路徑與反應，並以非結構性訪問法蒐集受測者對於操作任務的意見，以歸納法分析操作介面互動模式與手指觸控形式配置之優缺點對於受測者在操作時所帶來的影響。研究結果顯示：(1)功能預示性較高的操作模式可提升使用績效；(2)使用者在操作模式中所使用的手指觸控形式與操作動作會因相關的使用經驗所影響，對於沒有操作經驗的操作模式則與無使用過觸控式螢幕智慧型行動電話的經驗之操作績效無顯著差異；(3)不同的操作模式在相關功能間交互支援，使用者可經由多重操作而學習到正確的操作動作；(4)使用者會在未知的操作模式中沿用其它使用經驗，不同的操作模式擁有共通的符號有助於使用者正確操作與認知。

關鍵字

操作模式；手指觸控形式；使用性；預示性

並列摘要

With the rapid growth of smart phones, hand input devices with a touch screen operation model have brought man and machine closer, while a smartphone’s extremely simplified interface interaction facilitates a variety of features. With the variety of operation models, combined with multiple gestures patterns, users need to spend more time on searching functions or learning through interface interaction. When differences in the user’s cognitive operation model arise, operation problems also emerge. The purpose of this study is to gain an insight into the use performance of different operation models, gestures patterns, and operation actions. Based on use performance, the functional affordance of the different operation models and whether or not users that differ in use experience affect use performance were explored. The design of experiments between subjects was adopted in this study as the experimental design. The purpose is to find out the functional affordance and gestures pattern configuration of a smart phone’s operation models, whether or not they affect a user’s operation performance, gestures pattern, and cognition and impact of operation actions. The experimental study is divided into: (1)Quantitative research: The subject’s operation processes, error rates, and time were recorded using the video observation method. Additionally, the questionnaire survey method was adopted to obtain the Questionnaire For User Interaction Satisfaction (QUIS) and System Usability Scale (SUS), thereby determining the impact of the interface interaction model design and the gestures pattern configuration on the subject’s operating performance; (2) Qualitative research: The observation method was used to record the gestures patterns, operation path, and reaction of the subjects throughout the operation process. In addition, the non-structural interview method was adopted to collect the subject’s comments on the operation task, so as to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the interface interaction model and gestures pattern through inductive reasoning, as well as the impact on the subjects during operation. Findings show that: (1) Operation models with higher affordance can enhance use performance; (2) The gestures pattern and operation actions used by users are affected by relevant use experiences. The “without operation experience” operation model and “without experience in smart phone use” operation model showed no significant differences: (3) Different operation models show mutual support in relevant features. Users learn correction operation actions through multiple operations; (4) Users continue to use other use experiences in the “unknown” operation model. Different operation models with common symbols contribute to the user’s correction operation and cognition.

並列關鍵字

Operation models ； gestures patterns ； affordance ； usability

參考文獻

Jakob Nielsen(1993). Usability Engineering.U.S.A.:Academic Press.

Jiajie Zhang & Vimla L. Patel (2006). Distributed Cognition, Representation, and Affordance. Pragmatics and Cognition 14 (2):333-341.

Dhaval Vyas, Christina M. Chisalita, Gerrit C. van der Veer(2006), Affordance in interaction, ECCE '06 Proceedings of the 13th Eurpoean conference on Cognitive ergonomics: trust and control in complex socio-technical systems, ACM New York, NY, USA

Gerard Torenvliet , We can't afford it!: the devaluation of a usability term , Magazine interactions - The digital muse: HCI in support of creativity Interactions Homepage archive Volume 10 Issue 4, July + August 2003.

Chris Harrison & Scott E. Hudson, Minput: Enabling Interaction on Small Mobile Devices with High-Precision, Low-Cost, Multipoint Optical Tracking,CHI 2010: Devising Input, , Atlanta, GA, USA ,April 10–15, 2010

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操作介面互動模式與手指觸控之關係研究-以觸控式智慧型行動電話為例

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