以「場所精神」為導向的楊梅「老樹伯公」場域活化規劃設計

「伯公」是最貼近人們生活的神祉，其分布極廣，密度也很高，廟前空間，儼然已是人們聚會的場所。現今，「伯公廟」的存在，不僅是祭拜的場所、也是離家最近的古蹟、更是聚落歷史的線索。研究者憑藉著對「伯公」的好奇，透過指導教授的介紹，接觸了楊梅地區的「伯公」。參訪了245座「楊梅伯公」後，發現楊梅現今仍保留59座的「老樹伯公」，不僅經歷楊梅庄過去在日治時代開採樟腦的威脅，也經歷楊梅鎮過去工業區進駐的困境，能存留至今，迎接升格的楊梅區，實屬難得。本設計論文以田野調查、史料分析、文獻分析、輿圖與航照圖比對及耆老與專家訪談等研究方法與設計操作，調整「老樹伯公」場域內空間元素的型態、質感及顏色，使環境的「場所精神」再現。並將地景敘事作為「引」，把本來就富含精彩歷史的土地，重新被「挖掘」、「展現」，促使人們探索家鄉、探索自我並重懷感激之心，珍惜環境與土地，將老一輩「食米飯拜田頭，食果子拜樹頭」的美德延續。不僅想重燃楊梅人的土地信仰，期許也能讓造訪此地的外地人能回望自己居住的城市，讓感恩的美德擴散。關鍵詞：「場所精神」；「老樹伯公」；楊梅區；場域活化；地景敘事

關鍵字

楊梅區；老樹伯公；場所精神；場域活化；地景敘事

並列摘要

Bakgung, the Chinese earth god, is the deity most involved in daily life. Shrines dedicated to Bakgung are widespread. The space in front of such shrines have become popular places for social gatherings. Today, the shrines of Bakgung are not only places for worshiping, but also historical sites in residential areas that retain traces of village history. Inspired by my professor, this study focused on the Bakgung shrines in Yangmei District. After having visited 245 Bakgung shrines, we found that 59 of the so-called “Old Tree Bakgung shrines” were threatened by the cutting of camphor trees during the Japanese colonial era when Yangmei was still a village, and were endangered by the industrial expansion in Yangmei when it was still a township. Fortunately, these Old Tree Bakgung shrines have all survived to date when Yangmei has been upgraded to a district. This study involved field research, analysis of historical documents, literature review, comparison of maps and aerial photographs, and interviews with experts and older residents. We investigated the form, texture, and color of the spatial elements existing in the worship spaces near the Old Tree Bakgung to characterize the genius loci. Through landscape narratives that can guide reconstructing the rich history of the land, this paper encourages people to explore themselves and their hometowns, be grateful for the source of natural resources, and cherish the environment. Thus, the notion of “people who eat fruits must worship the trees” can be perpetuated. We attempted to revitalize the faith in the land of Yangmei citizens and anticipate that visitors of Yangmei let similar goad projects happened in their own hometowns. Keywords: Genius Loci, Old Tree Bakgung, Yangmei District, revitalization, landscape narrative