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  • 學位論文

高齡者聽覺對室內避難行為影響之研究

Study on Influence of Auditory Sense on Indoor Evacuation Behavior for the Elders

指導教授 : 雷明遠 劉時泳

摘要


根據經建會人力規劃處統計台灣自1993年後高齡者人口已到達到149萬餘人,所佔總人口7.1%以上,根據經建會推估,直至西元2025年高齡者之人口數會佔台灣總人口數的20%,也相當於每五人就有一位是老人,而我國對於防火避難設施的規定並無針對高齡者有更近一步的考量,因此當災害發生時,高齡者是否能利用線有避難之設備抵達安全區域,已成為近來各界所關切之議題。當火災發生時視覺、觸覺及聽覺是人所能使用之感官工具,從前人研究的論文文獻中發覺大多數研究者以視覺琢磨較多,對於聽覺之研究則相對較少。本論文所要探討的是高齡者聽覺對於室內避難行為之影響,進而了解高齡者聽覺對安全避難引導能力之影響效應。本研究受測者為65歲以上高齡者共52人,以純音500、1000、2000、4000、8000Hz作為刺激音進行測試,中間經過疊圖分析以及數據比較,最後分析使用概似比檢定。實驗共分為兩組音量及頻率之實驗方式進行。本研究經過實驗驗證,高齡者對於4000Hz及500Hz較容易產生察覺及反應。音量部分,高齡者因為老化及心血管疾病的影響以致毛細胞的崩落,所以需要較大音量的刺激才會有所反應。對於4000Hz以上之聲音有無重聽之患者都會快速形成陷落,而4000Hz以內之頻率則會因為重聽程度而有所不同。

關鍵字

音量 音頻 聽覺 高齡者 避難逃生

並列摘要


Accordion to the data from CFEPAD, Ministry of the Interior, the population of elders is about 1.49 millions since 1993 and more than 7.1% of the total population. And according to the estimation of CEPD, Council for Economic Planning and Development, the total population of elders will reach up to around 20% of the total population of Taiwan in 2025. Than means there is an elder in every five people. However, the regulation of moment about fire safety and evacuation facilities and equipments in Taiwan do not pay too much attention on the needs of elders.People can use the senses of sight, hearing and touch when encounters disaster. It is found than most of studies focus on the visual sense, but less on the auditory sense. This paper is to investigate the effect of elderly auditory sense on the indoor evacuation behavior for elders, and find out the effect of auditory sense on the ability of safe evacuation guidance for elders. This paper, 65 subjects were over the age of 52 who were to 500,1000,2000,4000,8000 Hertz of test.Through the middle of overlay analysis and data comparison, and finally analyzed using the likelihood ratio test.Experiments were divided into two groups, and audio volume of experimental manner.This paper, after experimental verification, 4000 Hertz and 500 Hertz for the elderly are more prone to perceive and react.Volume part of aging and the elderly because of the impact of cardiovascular disease resulting in hair cells caving, so they need a larger volume of the stimulus will react.For more than 4000Hz sound without hearing loss rapid formation of patients will fall, while the frequency of 4000Hz is less because the degree of hearing loss vary.

參考文獻


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