層間不同陽離子交換當量黏土/對苯二甲酸乙二醇聚酯奈米複材 之製備與性質研究

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Nanocomposites with Various Cation-Exchange-Capacity Clays

張育聖(Yu-Sheng Chang)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200900200

摘要

摘要
黏土被視為高分子很好的無機層材補強劑，由於高分子系統中添加無機層材在機械強度、電性質、氣體阻隔、以及熱性質方面皆有相當程度的改善。本研究主要以對苯二甲酸乙二醇聚脂添加不同黏土之製程與性質研究，此類奈米級複合材料利用原位聚合法在真空反應器系統下製備成插層型(intercalation)或是脫層型(Exfoliation)奈米級複合材料。黏土在PET樹脂的分散型態將藉由廣角X-ray繞射儀與穿透性電子顯微鏡(TEM)觀察其黏土的分散大部分皆為插層型複合材料。熱重分析儀(TGA)、式差掃描熱卡計(DSC)、動態機械分析(DMA)分別探討複合材料之熱性質與機械性質。氣體穿透分析儀(GPA)探討氣體(氧氣、氮氣與二氧化碳)在無機層狀材分散在高分子基材中氣體穿透率且分散性較佳的複合材有較佳的阻氣效果。利用UV-Vis測量高分子薄膜光學性質。PET屬於熱塑型結晶性高分子，所以我們可以利用變溫XRD觀察高分子在不同溫度下結晶度。在120℃~200℃溫度區間，可以觀察到添加黏土的高分子隨著溫度增加結晶度明顯比純的PET的高。在本研究中選用兩種型態黏土，CL-88與CL-120陽離子交換當量分別為200、168meq /100g of clay。在不同改質方式與製備條件下，製備出插層型(intercalation)或是脫層型(Exfoliation)奈米級複合材料。

關鍵字

黏土 ； 複合材料

並列摘要

Abstract
Clays are considered to be the ideal reinforcement additives for advanced polymer composites because of their excellent improvement in the mechanical strength, electronic and thermal properties. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/clay nanocomposites have been prepared by in-situ polymerization in vacuum system. The morphologies of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/clay nanocomposites were investigated by wide angle X-rays diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques which indicate that the nanocomposites were mostly intercalated and partially exfoliated. Thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were applied to study the thermal and mechanical properties. The gas (oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide) barrier property was measured by gas permeability analyzer (GPA) which confirms that the better dispersion of clay in the polymer matrices provides much higher gas barrier property. Optical property was measured by UV-Vis spectra which shows the materials are good optical clarity.
PET belongs to highly crystalline polymer; therefore we may use variable temperature XRD to observe the change of crystallinity. In 120C ~ 200C temperature range, it has been observed that the crystallinity is increased compared to pure PET with increasing the concentration of clay into the PET polymer. In this work, two types of clays, CL-88 and CL-120 with CEC of 200 and 168 meq of 100 g of clay; respectively, are applied as inorganic layered materials. Two clays are modified with different modifier to increase the compatibility between polymer and clay, followed by preparation of PET/clay nanocomposites. The properties of all nanocomposites are compared with respect to thermal, mechanical and gas barrier properties.

並列關鍵字

Clay ； nanocomposites

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