改質型黏土/氯丁橡膠奈米複材之製備與性質研究

Preparation and Characterization of Modified Clays / Chloroprene Rubber Nanocomposites

周彥丞(Yen-Cheng Chou)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600872

摘要

本論文以改質型黏土/氯丁橡膠奈米複材之製備與性質研究，以混練加工方式探討不同改質型黏土與不同比例添加對橡膠複材之分散性、物理性、老化性、熱性質、機械性質、荷重性質的影響。本研究以離子交換方式將椰油醯兩性基二丙酸二鈉為改質劑進行製備天然黏土表面有機化改質，增加黏土與高分子複材的相容性使分散性增加，利用X光繞射儀(XRD)、紅外線光譜儀(FT-IR)與熱重分析儀(TGA)，瞭解改質前後黏土的層間距變化，鑑定改質型黏土層間之有機與無機的官能基以及改質劑進入黏土層間中的插層量。將有機改質型黏土與氯丁橡膠進行雙輥筒混練製成奈米級複合材料，藉由X光繞射儀(XRD)檢測有無黏土層狀堆疊的特徵峰，再以穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)去瞭解改質型黏土在橡膠高分子中的分散型態，並以熱重分析儀(TGA)與動態機械分析儀(DMA)檢測橡膠奈米複合材料的熱裂解溫度(Td)、Tanδ阻尼相及玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)的變化，最後以材料試驗機與永久壓縮歪度測試器探討改質型黏土/橡膠奈米級複合材料的機械性質、荷重性質以及檢驗是否影響其老化趨勢。經研究結果，添加改質型黏土確實可提高橡膠奈米複材之分散性及提高Tanδ阻尼相，未來可製成耐高溫阻尼橡膠、橡膠墊片…等特殊產品，以及進一步研究改質型黏土與共混橡膠之間的相容性，進而達到既提升橡膠的性能又可降低橡膠成本的產品。
關鍵詞:氯丁橡膠、改質型黏土、奈米複材

關鍵字

氯丁橡膠 ； 改質型黏土 ； 奈米複材

並列摘要

This paper focuses on the influence of modified clay on chloroprene rubber/clay nanocomposite synthesis and properties. Different kinds of modified clay were loaded in polymer matrix, which dispersion morphology, aging, and thermo-mechanical properties of nanocomposites were investigated. Two types of different cationic exchange capacities clay (CL88, CL120) were used and modified with cocoamphodipropionate (K2) by the cationic ion exchange method. The modified and pure clay were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Further the dispersion morphology study of nanocomposites are conformed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From TEM results it showed that the nano-silicate layers of clay materials were uniformly dispersed in polymer matrix. Thermo-mechanical properties and glass-transition temperature of nanocomposites were improved by increasing the nano-filler loading. These results suppeorted that the properties of nanocomposites much more better then pure polymer. It could be concluded that these kinds of nanocomposites not only enhance the properties but also reduce the cost of polymer production.

並列關鍵字

Chloroprene Rubber ； Modified Clays ； Nanocomposites

參考文獻

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