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  • 學位論文

生質柴油製造之經濟可行性評估 —以台北縣為例—

Economic Feasibility Assessment of Biodiesel Manufacturing in Taipei County

指導教授 : 何瓊芳
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摘要


近幾年來,石油短缺的問題一直存在,不論是真正的短缺或是投機客炒作的關係,在2008年5月10日原油價格均創下了歷史的新高。因此替代性能源的發展成為全球目前最為熱門的議題,而目前的替代性能源主要有:風力、核分裂、太陽能及生質汽柴油等等。在發展替代性能源之同時,最主要的阻礙為「成本過高」的問題,此阻礙導致目前許多替代性能源無法大量商業化的發展。 本研究即是針對生質柴油的經濟成本分析為主軸,以台北縣為例評估製造生質柴油的經濟成本分析。首先對國際上各種常用的生質作物原料油以及台灣自產的生質作物原料油在2003年及2007年期,分別估算其在3種生質柴油年產量(8,000、30,000、及100,000 tonne/year)下製造生質柴油的製程成本。之後在針對台北縣實際柴油需求預估量,利用廢食用油的年回收推估量以及休耕地改種植生質作物(如:大豆及向日葵)後榨成的油之推估量,來估算在2007年之生質柴油製程成本。 程序模擬之經濟成本估算結果顯示,在2003年時只有中南美進口之大豆油在年產量100,000公噸時,其生質柴油製程成本之稅後淨利為正值。但隨著農糧作物價格的飆漲下,在2007年時只剩下可用之原料為台灣廢食用油,在3種不同年產量下其產製之生質柴油製程成本之稅後淨利為正值。因此台北縣在發展製造生質柴油時,在單純以經濟成本的考量下,由於製造生質柴油其影響製程成本的最主要因素為原料油本身的價格。而以廢食用油的價格為最低,所以政府應優先以回收廢食用油為主要的原料來源。 如在台北縣政府採行B1(即在柴油中添加1%的生質柴油)的政策下,可利用休耕地先種植生質作物(如:大豆及向日葵),在回收廢食用油製造成生質柴油產量不足需求量的部分,即可利用這些生質作物來補足,平時還可以發展成觀光園區,吸引觀光客以創造週邊商機。

並列摘要


In recent years, the shortage of petroleum always exists, no matter real shortage or speculation. On May 10th 2008, the crude oil price hit the new record. Consequently, alternative energy which includes wind power, nuclear fission, solar power and bio-energy is the hottest issue in the whole world. But for now, in the process of alternative energy, a major obstacle in the commercialization of biodiesel is its high cost of manufacturing. This research conducts an economic cost analysis of biodiesel production in Taipei County. First of all, the economic costs of three biodiesel plants which include imported biological resources and locally produced ones with yearly capacity of 8000, 30000 and 100000 tonnes, respectively, during the time period in 2003 and 2007 were analyzed and assessed. Afterwards, we estimate the costs of using waste cooking oil and biological sources to produce biodiesel in Taipei County in 2007. The economic cost resulted from the simulated process for biodiesel production shows that when the biodiesel plant with a yearly capacity of 100,000 tonne, the net annual profit after deducting taxes of biodiesel production cost becomes positive. As prices of agriculture products and food go higher, the only feasible positive net annual profit after tax for biodiesel with respect to these three capacities is the case choosing waste cooking oil as raw material to produce biodiesel in 2007. In the process of developing biodiesel in Taipei County, because total cost of biodiesel production depends heavily upon feedstock cost under economic consideration; waste cooking oil is the most inexpensive among all biological resources when the price of agriculture and food soars. Thus the government should recycle the waste cooking oil as the first choice to be the main feedstock origin. If Taipei County adopts the policy of using biodiesel B1, the current fallow farmland could be cultivated for growing bio-plants, like soybean and sunflower. By doing so, when there is insufficient waste cooking oil for producing the planned quantity of biodiesel, seed oil extracted from these bio-plants can cover this gap and also the bio-planted land may become the touring place to attract tourists to create sight-seeing business.

並列關鍵字

simulate process Biodiesel B1

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


陳秋鈴(2012)。生質柴油之技術經濟與成本效益分析-以痲瘋樹生質柴油為例〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200182

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