- 學位論文
獨立離島系統風力發電最大併聯容量及低頻卸載研究
A Study of the Maximal Installed Capacities of Wind Generators and Under-frequency Load Shedding Scheme in an Island System
摘要
為了滿足台灣地區快速的經濟發展及提昇人民生活品質，近年來台灣電力公司除致力於本島電源開發外，並積極建設各離島的電力系統供應，將舊有之電力系統再考慮當地環境、地形、生態與未來發展等因素加入合宜之新型分散式電源，以滿足當地人民需求。 本文針對一獨立離島系統加入風力發電後，評估最大可併聯風力發電容量，及規劃適用於獨立離島系統的低頻電驛設定值，可以避免配電饋線不必要的跳脫、停電。使用PowerWorld Simulator V8.0模擬軟體建立獨立離島電力系統，探討電力潮流分析，且使用PSCAD/EMTDC V4.2來進行電力系統暫態分析，以分析檢討柴油、風力機組跳機及海纜跳線對系統頻率變化的反應特性、風力機組的最佳運轉模式組合及低頻卸載電驛之設定。 本文使用兩種低頻卸載方法（1）應用傳統多段式低頻卸載方式；（2）利用階層式基因演算法及處罰函數之概念，並應用交談式多目標非線性規劃來設計低頻電驛參數，求得獨立離島系統之卸載量最小值與初始搖擺頻率最大值，以達到降低用戶端損失。 本文以冬季尖峰獨立離島系統為模擬架構，再運用上述兩種不同低頻卸載方法求得電驛設計。由模擬結果觀察到階層式基因演算法中，以多目標函數設計低頻電驛參數，結果更接近實際狀況所需，因此驗證本文所提出方法之可行性。
並列摘要
Recently, Taipower builds new power resources in Taiwan and island systems to satisfy the fast economic development and raise the quality of life of people. A new distributed generation should be considered for the environment, topography, oecology and future development to satisfy the demand of people. When wind generators are considered to be installed in an island system, the maximal installed capacities of wind generators should be evaluated. PowerWorld Simulator V8.0 is used for modeling the island power system in order to investigate the power flow in this thesis. Moreover, PSCAD/EMTDC V4.2 is used for the transient study in order to examine the frequency variation due to the wind/diesel generator tripping and the submarine cable outage, study the optimal operation mode of diesel-wind generators, and attain the settings of the under-frequency relays. Two methods of under-frequency load shedding are studied in this thesis: (1) traditional multi-stage under-frequency load shedding and (2) the concept based on the Hierarchical Genetic Algorithms and interactive decision making with multi-objective nonlinear programming problems and the penalty functions. The minimal load shedding and highest first swing frequency of an island system can be obtained by the 2nd method. This thesis considers the peak load of the winter for an island system for designing the settings of the under-frequency relays. It is found that the hierarchical genetic algorithm in cooperating with the multi-objective decision making can attain an applicable result.