低壓配電線路電氣火災之探討－以新北市建築物為例

The Study on The Prevention of Fire Caused by Electrical Accident of Low Voltage Distribution Lines－A Case Study of New Taipei City Buildings

黃章委(Chang-Wei Huang)

指導教授 ： 許世哲

中原大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800475

摘要

依新北市政府統計資料顯示，自2013年至2017年之近五年間，建築物火災發生率以電氣火災為第一位。以新北市總人口數位居六都之冠，一旦發生火災極易造成人民之生命、財產損失，影響可謂甚鉅。
本研究綜整國內電弧故障研究資料與電弧故障火災發生數據，將建築物火災次數、人員傷亡數量、財產損失等因子以次級資料分析法建置建築物火災統計資料庫，並以SPSS統計軟體之次數分配表及卡方適合度檢定，探討新北市建築物火災之發生特性。最後，再以卡方獨立性檢定進行時間特性與建築物特性之關聯性分析、時間特性與致災情形之關聯性分析以及時間特性與損害情形之關聯性分析，以瞭解各因素間之關聯性。
希望藉由上述對於電弧故障斷路器(AFCI)與電氣火災特性之探討，期能降低火災損失及人命傷亡率，保障民眾安全及福祉，以達建立安心、安居、安全之住宅居住環境目標。

關鍵字

火災 ； 故障電弧 ； AFCI ； 關聯性分析

並列摘要

According to the statistics of New Taipei City government, the results show that there were large amount of building fires from 2013 to 2017, and most of the fires were caused by electrical accidents. Comparing to the six municipalities in Taiwan, t New Taipei City has much more residents. The fires always cause serious casualties and damages in those cities with dense population.
This report comprehensively studies the arc fault fires data, building fire records and human casualty records by secondary data analysis method. According to the fire statistics database for buildings, this research establishes two major results by SPSS statistic software. One is the characteristics of building fires by “frequency distribution table” and “Chi-squared test for goodness-of-fit”. The other is the interactive relevancies among the time factor, the structural factor, the fire factor and the damage of fires by “Chi-squared test for independence”.
The above methods can be used for understanding the characteristics of arc fault circuit interrupters (AFCI) and electrical fires. We hope that this study will help to reduce the fire losses and human casualties, to keep the safety and well-being of the people and to establish a peaceful, secure, and safe residential environment.

並列關鍵字

Fire ； Fault arc ； AFCI ； Correlation Analysis

參考文獻

[1] Underwriters Laboratories Inc, “Standard for Safety: Arc Fault Circuit Interruptres, UL1699”,[2017-05-03].

[2] National Fire Protection Association, ”NFPA’s Electrical Fires”, http://www.nfpa.org/news-and- research/fire-statistics-and-reports/fire- statistics/fire-causes/electrical-and-consumer- electronics/electrical, [2017-10-25].

[3] National Electrical Manufacturers Association, ”Low Voltage Distribution Equipment Section”, http://www.afcisafety.org/, [2017-10-25].

[4] Electrical Safety Foundation International, ” Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters”, https://www.esfi.org/resource/q-and-a-arc-fault- circuit-interrupters-191, [2017-10-25].

[5] Gerard Winstanley, ”Expanding Home Safety With AFCIs”, International Association Electrical Inspectors magazine, January 16 2008, https://iaeimagazine.org/magazine/2008/01/16/ expanding-home-safety-with-afcis/.