改善倒筒流程作業之人因評估:以某傳統紡織廠為例

An ergonomic evaluation of a revisal cheese winding operation: A case of traditional textile industry plant.

吳庭瑜(Ting-Yu Wu)

指導教授 ： 呂志維

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201900300

摘要

在現今許多傳統製造業及中小型工廠人力資源是不可或缺的，像是搬運、包裝和物料上機等作業。而在長時間且重複性高的動作可能會導致肌肉骨骼疾病。本研究對某傳統紡織廠的排紗上機作業以KIM-LHC檢核表進行評估，其結果為第三級-中高負載作業，須對此動作進行改善。本篇研究將考慮到現場機台高度，進而假設不同高度及角度下的改善方式。
本研究利用一種可改變角度的輔具，且利用槓片及紙箱墊高，模擬原現場排紗上機的狀況，並另外假設其他高度及角度，分別有3種高度(20公分、45公分、70公分)及4種角度(0度、30度、45度、60度)，共12種組合，探討不同的高度及角度組合對於受試者的客觀及主觀感受。本實驗共招募15名男性受試者，利用肌電訊號放大器及Borg-10收集進行模擬實驗時的背部豎脊肌、慣用手肱二頭肌的肌肉訊號及主觀知覺費力評量。
實驗結果受試者的心理及生理感受皆因改變高度而有改善的趨勢，在高度為70公分時，主觀知覺費力評量及背部豎脊肌的肌電儀訊號有最好的改善效益，且高度之間有顯著差異。受試者在角度30度及45度時，主觀知覺費力評量有最好的心理感受，背部豎脊肌在角度部分無明顯的改善情形。慣用手肱二頭肌不論在高度及角度都無明顯的改善情況。透過本研究的實驗結果顯示，提高放置高度不論對作業員的心理或生理皆有明顯的改善趨勢。

關鍵字

職業性肌肉骨骼傷病 ； 下背痛 ； KIM-LHC檢核表 ； 肌電訊號 ； 主觀知覺費力評量

並列摘要

In today's traditional manufacturing industries, small and medium-sized factories, human resources such as handling, packaging and material handling are irreplacable. Long and repetitive movements can lead to musculoskeletal disorders. KIM-LHC checklist was used to evaluate the operation of a yarn arrangement in a traditional textile mill. Results showed that the third stage-medium and high load operation should be improved. This study considered the machine height then assumed different heights and angles of improvement.
An angle-changeable accessory was used to simulate the situation of yarn arrangement on the spot by using bar and carton cushion height. Other heights and angles were assumed to be 3 heights (20 cm, 45 cm, 70 cm) and 4 angles (0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °), respectively, to explore the objective and subjective feelings of different heights and angle combinations to the subjects. Fifteen male subjects were recruited in this study. EMG signal amplifiers and Borg-10 were used to collect the muscle signals and subjective perceptual exertion of erector spinalis dorsi, biceps brachii muscles.
Results showed that there is a significant difference between the different altitudes and that the psychological and physiological sensation of the subjects tend to improve with the altitude. When the altitude was 70 cm, the subjective perceptual effort evaluation and EMG signal of the erector spinalis muscle of the back had the best effect. Subjective perceptual exertion was the best when the subjects were at angles of 30 degrees and 45 degrees. There was no signifi-cant improvement in the angles of the erector spinalis muscle of the back. The biceps brachii muscle of the hand did not improve significantly in height and angle. This research found out that increasing the height of placement has a significant improvement trend in both psycho-logical and physiological aspects of workers.

並列關鍵字

WMSDs ； Low back pain ； KIM-LHC ； EMG ； Borg-10

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