- 學位論文
應用於鉛酸電池的電池管理系統之三角積分類比至數位轉換器
Delta-Sigma Analog to Digital Converter in Battery Management System Applied to Lead-Acid Battery
摘要
本研究之目的在於建立一個應用於鉛酸電池的電池管理系統之分控器，此系統應用於電動摩托車、電動腳踏車上，以提供每節電池獨立的充電與放電監控、溫度監控，並量測電池狀態來提高鉛酸電池的使用效率、安全性及延長電池的使用壽命。 整體系統包含前端類比區塊以及後端數位區塊，前端類比區塊包括切換電容式積分器、比較器、一位元數位至類比轉換器三大區塊所構成的一階三角積分調變器，而後端數位區塊則使用上數下數計數器，結合成一個三角積分類比至數位轉換器，此架構較傳統納奎斯特類比至數位轉換器使用的電路架構來得簡單。在本篇論文中此架構是應用在電池管理系統上的電壓採集，適用於輸入訊號擺幅為0V～4.7V（全擺幅＝4.7V），訊號頻率為1KHz的直流訊號之電池管理系統，此類比至數位轉換器擁有12位元的解析度，其線性特性DNL為±1LSB（-1.147mV～+1.147mV），適合應用於電池管理系統。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study is to establish a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter for the sub-controller, and the sub-controller is used in battery management system for lead-acid batteries. This sub-controller system is used in electric motorcycles, electric bikes. The digital converter which is part of the sub-controller collect voltage and sent the data to the host (MCU). The host sends the command to each sub-controller in order to monitor each battery of charging and discharging, the temperature, and measuring the battery status. According to the method, improving the efficiency of lead-acid batteries, the safety of the lead-acid batteries and extend the batteries life. The delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter which is part of sub-controller consists of front-end analog block and a back-end digital block. The front-end analog block includes a switched capacitive integrator, a comparator, one bit digital-to-analog converter posed by a first-order delta-sigma modulator, and the back-end digital block is include a up-down counter. Combining the front-end with back-end blocks into Delta-Sigma Analog to Digital Converter. This architecture is simpler than the traditional Nyquist analog to digital converter. In this study, this architecture is suitable for input signal swing 0V ~ 4.7V (full swing = 4.7V), the signal frequency of 1KHz DC signal, and this analog to digital converter has 12-bit resolution, the linear characteristic DNL is ± 1LSB (-1.147mV ~ + 1.147mV).