綠色供應鏈供應商選擇之研究

Study on Supplier Selection of Green Supply Chain

張日安(Jih-An Chang)

指導教授 ： 林賜德

中原大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700546

摘要

科技快速發展提升人類生活品質，相對產生許多影響人類與生態的污染物，甚至危及人類世代的永續發展，使人類停下追求科技發展的腳步，重新思考環保的問題。然而在先進國家因應環保及節能議題，針對電子科技產品加以嚴格法令限定，巳儼然成了非關稅壁壘，這股力量比有形的更強大。

而後將環境品質的概念納入原有供應鏈中，由綠色供應鏈管理的角度出發，討論綠色供應鏈之運作架構、管理體系及資訊表格管理，以此維持產品生命週期中各階段作業的穩定性，使產品能持續符合環保規範。而綠色消費更被視為是達成全球永續發展目標的重要工作，成立綠色採購聯盟推廣綠色產品巳是國際潮流，強調以消費低污染、可回收、省資源的商品，以降低對環境的破壞。

而各國陸續制定與環境保護議題相關之法令，其中，最具深遠影響且最迫切的即是歐盟制定的WEEE 及RoHS 指令。為了因應這些指令，國際品牌大廠開始建立自己的制度來規範上游供應商，以降低法令生效後的退貨風險。台灣的廠商大多為代工製造(OEM)/ 研發製造(ODM) ，自然必須接受買方（品牌大廠）的要求，因此，這是目前國內廠商所面臨的最重要的議題。

本研究針對在策略性的夥伴關係中，對供應商的評選方法做了深入探討。可以瞭解到製造商在選擇供應商進行合作關係時，除了傳統在成本、品質、交期的考量外，更需要考慮到供應商的財務狀況、組織文化、及供應商的策略方向。因此從「品質管理因素」、「財務相關因素」、「供應商的組織文化因素」、「製程能力」、「服務因素」及「環境績效因素」等六大構面作為評估的項目，再進一步以層級分析法(AHP)訂定各評估項目的相對權重，設定出評估綠色供應商的準則。

本研究經結果分析，其中以「品質管理因素」最為重要，而「環境績效因素」構面屈次。而經各部門的分析其結果仍是以「品質管理因素」最為重要，但在「環境績效因素」構面中，各部門或許因為職責的不同而產不同的結果，其重視程度依序為品管部門、採購部門、工程部門、財務部門、此結果顯示「環境績效因素」雖然巳有共視，但仍有改善之空間。本研究之結果提供給企業界，作為綠色供應商選擇重要的參考。

關鍵字

研發製造ODM ； 層級分析法 ； 綠色供應鏈 ； 代工製造OEM ； 環境績效

並列摘要

The rapid development of technology to enhance the quality of human life, the relative number of human and ecological impact of pollutants even endanger human generations of sustainable development, halt the pursuit of human technological development the way, to rethink the issue of environmental protection. However, in advanced countries due to be environmentally friendly and energy-saving issues involving electronic technology products to be strict laws to restrict and seems to have become non-tariff barriers, such a force than the visible more powerful.
the quality of the environment will be included in the original concept of the supply chain, from the green supply chain management point of view. Green discussed the operation of the supply chain structure, management information systems and forms management, a means of preserving product life cycle stages of stability operations so that their products can be sustained with environmental norms. And green consumption was regarded as a global sustainable development goals of the important work Alliance formed to promote green procurement of green products already have is the international trend, stressing the consumption of clean, recyclable, the value of natural resources, to reduce damage to the environment.
And gradually developed countries and issues related to the Environmental Protection Act, which, the most far-reaching impact and the most urgent is the development of the EU WEEE and RoHS Directives. In response to these directives, the large international brands started to establish its own system to standardize the upstream suppliers, Act came into effect to reduce the risk of return. Most of Taiwan's manufacturers for Original Equipment Manufactures (OEM) / Own Designing & Manufacturing (ODM) The buyer must accept the natural (brand Dachang) demands, which is that it is currently facing manufacturers of the most important topics.
This study in the strategic partnership relations, vendor selection methods of the in-depth exploration. Manufacturers can understand in choosing vendors cooperation relations, in addition to the traditional cost, quality, lead-time considerations, also need to consider that the supplier's financial situation, organizational culture, and the supplier's strategic direction. So from a "quality management," "finance-related factors", "supplier of organizational culture," "process capability," "service factors" and "environmental performance factors" such as the six dimensions of the project, further to AHP (AHP) to set the assessment of the relative weight, Green set out to assess the criteria for suppliers.
After the results of this study, with "quality management factor", the most important "factor in environmental performance," Whitty time dimensions. By the departments of the results are still based on "quality management factor", the most important But in the "environmental performance factors" dimensions, various departments, perhaps because of the different functions of different products and the results its attention to quality control in order departments, procurement departments, engineering departments, financial departments, These results indicate that "environmental performance factors" have announced a total Although visually, but there is still room for improvement. The results of this study available to the business community, as a green vendor selection important reference.

並列關鍵字

green supply chain ； AHP ； Original Equipment Manufactures(OEM) ； Original Design Manufacturer (ODM) ； environmental performance

參考文獻

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