- 學位論文
結合專利地圖與使用者導向之觀點探討建築整合太陽能發電系統(BIPV)發展策略
Integrating Patent Map and User-Orientation Viewpoint to Develop Strategy of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic BIPV
摘要
隨著全球經濟繁榮及科技進步，因此對能源的需求日益增加，進而過度消耗化石能源及排放大量的二氧化碳，以致造成化石能源枯竭及氣候變遷的危機，因此開發替代能源成為目前各國經濟發展的重要策略。全世界在這股能源開發的潮流之中，無窮盡的天然資源及無污染的太陽能發電成為各國主要發展的替代能源，其中以建築整合太陽能發電(Building-integrated photovoltaic, BIPV)因具有主動式發電功能以達節能減碳及創造建築美學之功效，因此成為各主要先進國家未來積極發展的新一代建築。 本研究以使用者需求導向為主軸，透過BIPV產業技術鏈各專家群體以德爾菲法(Delphi Method)進行BIPV技術功能需求之問卷調查，以統計並歸納各專家群體具共識度的功能需求，並結合美國專利暨商標局 (United States Papent and Trademark Office, USPTO)資料庫進行專利地圖分析，深入瞭解BIPV技術發展趨勢。同時透過專利技術功效矩陣分析出以BIPV技術手段欲達成之功效是否與使用者需求存在差異性(Gap)。透過二大軸面不但可以找到技術功效之需求與供給的差異程度外，且可提供市場需求者及技術供給者之未來發展參考。 BIPV技術在全球發展趨勢中，其產業之技術生命週期屬於萌芽期的階段，經研究結果顯示，市場對於BIPV技術的認知程度以系統、製造及建築設計等專家群體較高，決策使用者的認知程度不高，其研究統計呈現出市場功能需求與專利技術欲達成之功效二者間存在互斥性的差異及相對重要程度上的差異。 最後，對於BIPV未來發展應朝向技術的提升及開發標準化之BIPV技術規格，並在產業發展初期建議政府成立標準化技術委員會以制定國家標準及規範並以公共建設率先發展BIPV建築以推廣全民共識，進而擴散市場技術與需求之合作，共同推動綠建築產業使台灣於未來邁向綠能國家之際。
並列摘要
In pace with global economic boom and scientific advance, the modern society demands more and more energy to meet its desperate needs, thus consuming excessively fossil energy and discharge a great volume of carbon dioxide. As a result, it causes such crises as exhausting of such energy and unexpectedly drastic climate change. Therefore, exploiting alternative energy turns out to be a very urgent policy before their eyes faced by all countries on earth. Adapting themselves to this world trends, endless natural resources and zero-pollution solar electrical energy generation unavoidably become their main alternative to develop. Of which Building-integrated photovoltaic（BIPV）has a function of active electricity generation that may realize the goal of ‘energy saving and carbon reduction’ and at the same time be able to create architectural aesthetics , so that it is destined to be the new generation model building chased by all major developed countries. This study will take user-oriented demands as our main axle, use Delphi Method and refer to the opinions of BIPV industries experts to circulate a BIPV-demand questionnaire, through which we count up and conclude the functional demand with the consensus reached by those experts and then follow the requirements of United States Patent and Trademark Office（USPTO）archives to conduct the patent map analysis for the purpose of in-depth understanding the BIPV developing tendency. In addition to this, we use patent technical result array to analyze such result whether exists any gap with the demand of users. As such, not only we can find out the difference between the market demand and the technical supplies, but also we can offer some reference of the future development to market demanders and technical providers. Involving oneself in this global developing trend, the technical life cycle of the BIPV now still stands itself in the rudimentary stage. Some results show that market recognition of the BIPV technique has been favored much more in degree by those experts specialty in the fields of system, manufacture and architecture design. However, it is less noticed by the decision-makers. Statistics reveal that there exist mutual rejection between market demand and patent authorization. Moreover, there also exists difference between the twos in the comprehension of importance. This study concludes that the future development of the BIPV should work hard towards enhancing of its techniques and the standardization of its technical specification. In its early evolution stage, we would like to urge our government to establish a committee of technical standardization and set to formulate national criteria along with specification. Furthermore, we suggest that the BIPV concept should be applied to the public buildings construction first so as to shape such a kind of consensus among the public, then making it possible to coordinate the market technique with the demand of the people. By doing so, it must be conducive to facilitate the prosperity of green construction industry in Taiwan and make our country a green paradise among the whole world.