印刷電路板產業之創業機會與商業模式–以A公司與B公司為例

台灣經濟從過去仰賴進口到如今已成科技領先的重鎮，也因持續高速增長而造就許多成熟產業的出現，使得這些市場都處於飽和狀態，以至中小企業很難有一席之地，但在印刷電路板產業裡卻存在著不斷創新的可能。為了探討出差異化產品或服務的PCB利基市場，故本文先蒐集創業機會與商業模式的相關文獻及定義後，詳細地描繪架構，並確立範圍和對象且選擇質性研究法，進而擬定對應四項問題之訪談綱要。　　本文會介紹印刷電路板產業鏈的產品分類、製造流程及應用領域，則對PCB供應鏈的上中下游加以說明和為其供需特性進行歸納，然後於訪談個案A公司（樣品廠）與B公司（檢測廠）後，再進一步分析並比較。結論分為：「產業背景」、「創業機會」、「商業模式」及「創業機會與商業模式」四大構面，先以當初市場概況作前提，來探討創業家如何辨識出機會和建構初期模式，而這中間轉換獲利的過程，更是本研究提供新公司穩定營運的關鍵之重要貢獻。

關鍵字

印刷電路板；創業機會；商業模式

並列摘要

From relying on imports in the past, Taiwan's economy has now become an important town leading in science and technology. Due to sustained and rapid growth, many mature industries have emerged, making these markets saturated, so that it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to have a place, but there is the possibility of continuous innovation in the printed circuit board industry. In order to explore the PCB niche market for differentiated products or services, this paper first collects the relevant literature and definitions of entrepreneurial opportunities and business models, describes the structure in detail, establishes the scope and object, selects the qualitative research method, and then draw up the interview outline corresponding to the four questions. 　　This paper will introduce the product classification, manufacturing process and application fields of the printed circuit board industry chain, explain the upstream, middle and downstream of the PCB supply chain and summarize its supply and demand characteristics, and then further analyze and compare after interviewing the cases of company A (sample factory) and company B (testing factory). The conclusions are divided into four aspects: "industrial background", "entrepreneurial opportunity", "business model" and "entrepreneurial opportunity and business model". First, based on the original market overview, this paper discusses how entrepreneurs identify opportunities and construct initial models, and the process of conversion and profit is the key contribution of this study to provide stable operation of new companies.