科學技術是使一個國家能夠於全球經濟激烈競爭環境下的生存武器之一,而大學則是前端技術的重要來源,因此先進國家如美國、日韓、歐洲各國莫不以國家力量促進大學研發成果的移轉,以提升企業競爭力,甚至中國大陸也以轉化大學研究成果應用為努力目標。台灣雖然在1999年訂立科學技術基本法,希望在基本法的驅動下,再創奇蹟,然而十幾年來台灣的大學研發能力雖近世界一流,但是研發成果的運用卻無顯著的成效。本論文中從法律面觀察分析,國立大學無法有效轉化研發成果之原因後發現;雖然科技學術基本法多年來屢次修正,希望將國立大學研發成果下放為大學所有,然而不論由民法、大學法或行政法人法上分析,台灣國立大學的法人格地位一直以來曖昧不明,國立大學並無法自由運用原屬於國家所有之無形財產。即使國立大學希望藉由技術投資於企業或是衍生公司,但受限於公司法規定,國立大學無法以學校名義成為公司股東,此外各國立大學技術移轉負責單位受限於預算、人事制度等限制,無法實際有效運用研發成果。 本論文建議透過大學、產業二條路徑調整法規,可參考日本模式,訂立國立大學法人化法,讓國立大學有確立的法律地位,有完整的權利與義務能力,使國立大學與研發人員、技轉人員可享有技術移轉授權後真正的利益。此外修改科技基本法,明訂技術移轉辦公室的設立,由研發經費中分配預算透過真正專職人員進行技術移轉。同時修改產業創新條例,以賦稅優惠方式,讓國內企業更願意接受各大學技術。
Science technology is the power weapon to let a country survive in the global economy environment, and the university is an important source of technology develop organization, so the advanced countries such as the US, Japan and South Korea, European countries did as many as possible resource to the university for research develop and technology transfer. Although the “Fundamental Science and Technology Act” of Taiwan which was published in 1999, hope to driving another economy miracle, in last two decades although the university’s research has excellent performance in the world, but apply these technologies to industry are still not significant performance. In this study, from the legal perspective, finding the reason of the National University can’t be effective transfer to industry. Even the national university hoping to invest in business companies or spin-offs, but always constrained by law, the national university can’t become a shareholder of the company. One of suggestions in this study that co-operate university and industry, is change the national university into Non-Departmental Public Bodies, let the national university with full rights can acquire truly benefits after technology transfer into industry. Further re-amend the Fundamental Science and Technology Act to establish technology transfer offices(TO), and re-allocated R & D budget for the TO members. Motivate the Industrial more willing to accept technical from universities.