高可靠度演算法應用於區塊鏈P2P傳輸

High Reliability Algorithm Applied To Blockchain P2P Transmission

陳文淵(Wen-Yuan Chen)

指導教授 ： 林志浩

中原大學/商學院/資訊管理研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800285

摘要

近幾年，比特幣交易的興起，引起了許多學者對其背後技術的探討。區塊鏈技術改變了中央集權的概念，在區塊鏈的用戶都能夠通過P2P傳輸的方式進行比特幣的交易。當交易產生，區塊鏈的節點能夠通過『挖礦』的方式獲得記賬的權力，當節點獲得記賬權力後，將區塊的訊息轉發給區塊鏈的所有節點進行驗證。本論文所探討的就是區塊鏈的P2P傳輸演算法，演算法將通過網路的邏輯層加上實體層的混合層，同時去考量廣播的傳輸機制。本研究將通過網路底層拓撲的建模，根據底層拓撲的節點參數，進行通訊。首先從邏輯層需要考慮節點的信任度來判斷節點是否符合轉發的條件；其次，從實體層考量，為了使整個網路架構穩定，確保區塊鏈底層網路的彈性，考慮節點傳輸的連通性與中心度，以此整合出新的通訊樹模型。透過數學模型以及啟發式演算法解出通訊樹最佳解，接下來通過與其他通訊樹模型的比較，驗證本研究的模型能夠確保整個交易網路確保生存能力、安全性和交易的通訊效率。

關鍵字

P2P網路 ； 區塊鏈 ； 網路連通性 ； 網路彈性 ； 中心度

並列摘要

In recent years, the rise of bitcoin transactions has caused many scholars to explore the technology behind them. Blockchain technology has changed the concept of centralization. Users in the blockchain can conduct bitcoin transactions through P2P transmission. When the transaction is generated, the nodes of the blockchain can use the “mining” method to obtain the billing power. After the node obtains the billing power, a block message for this transaction is broadcasted to all other nodes in the blockchain networks for verification. This article discusses the blockchain P2P transmission algorithm will considering both the logical and the physical topology as a high reliable broadcasting transmission mechanism. This study will use the modeling of the underlying network topology to communicate based on the underlying topology node parameters. Firstly, from the logic layer, the node's trust degree needs to be considered to determine whether the node meets the forwarding conditions or not. Secondly, from the perspective of the physical layer, we consider the connectivity of the node transmission to stabilize the entire blockchain network. Finally, in order to develop a new communication tree model, a mathematical model and heuristic algorithm has been proposed to solve this optimization problem. The experimental results have been compared with other communication tree models to verify that the proposed algorithm can ensures survivability, security, and transactional communication efficiency for blockchain networks.

並列關鍵字

P2P network ； blockchain ； network connectivity ； network resilience ； centrality

參考文獻

參考文獻

英文文獻：

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[3] I. Pakravan, F. Sataei, P. Mohammadi, “The Impacts of Dynamic Failures on the Resilience and Fragility of P2P Networks,” in proc. 20th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, May 15-17,2012.