社區老人的主觀社會地位、自尊、自我掌控信念與憂鬱之關係

The Relationship of Subjective Social Status, Self-Esteem, and Mastery with Depression of Community Eldery People

葉濬彰(Chun-Cheng Yeh)

指導教授 ： 譚偉象

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100874

摘要

憂鬱症是老年族群常見的心理疾病之一，本研究根據過去相關文獻，提出本研究的架構，主要目的在探討社區內老年人的主觀社會地位、自尊與自我掌控信念對於老年憂鬱的影響關係，同時比較使用社經會地位階梯預測老人憂鬱與使用社區階梯的差異。
本研究以年滿65歲以上的社區老年人為研究對象，為避免因研究對象認知功能缺損影響研究資料的收集，先篩選出認知功能未有明顯缺損的老人，再採用訪問的方式完成量表填寫，主要來自台北市萬華地區及士林、萬華兩所老人服務中心，有效資料為156位研究對象。研究工具包含基本資料、MMSE、MacArthur 量尺、自尊量表、自我掌控信念與老人憂鬱量表。
研究結果發現，主觀社會地位與其客觀社會地位有顯著相關，主觀社會地位受自尊量表的得分影響。而老人的憂鬱情緒則受到主觀社會地位與自我掌控信念的影響，而客觀社會地位與自尊則會藉由主觀社會地位的中介而影響老人的憂鬱情緒。在逐步回歸的結果中發現自我掌控信念與主觀社會地位可做為老人憂鬱情緒的預測因子，可以做為初級預防中篩檢出社區中具有憂鬱的高危險老人族群的工具。

關鍵字

憂鬱 ； 自我掌控信念 ； 自尊 ； 主觀社會地位 ； 老人

並列摘要

Depression was one of the common mental disorders in the elderly population. Based on past literatures, a framework of this study was proposed. The purpose was to investigate that the relationship of subjective social status, self-esteem, mastery and depression of community elderly people, and whether the use of socio-economic status ladder was better than the use of community ladder in prediction for the elderly depression.
The sample consisted of participants with age over 65 in the community. In order to avoid the effects of cognitive function impairment on data collection, the elderly people were screened first, and those without apparent cognitive defects then completed the scales through interview. There were 156 valid cases, and were recruited from Wanhua district, Wanhua Senior Service Centers District and Shihlin Senior Service Centers of Taipei city. Research instruments included the MMSE, MacArthur scale, Self-Esteem scale, Mastery scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).
Results indicated that objective and subjective social status were significantly related, and subjective social status was associated with self-esteem. The depression of the elderly was affected by subjective social status and mastery, and objective social status and self-esteem affected the depression of the elderly through the mediation of subjective social status. Using stepwise regression, it was found that mastery and subjective social status could be used as a predictor of depression for the elderly. Therefor the Mastery scale and subjective social status can be used as screening tools for depression of high-risk group in community primary prevention project for elderly.

並列關鍵字

Mastery ； Self-esteem ； Subjective Social Status ； Depression ； Elderly People

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