社區老人憂鬱症狀的流行病學及活動參與介入之成效

Epidemiology and the Effects of Participation in Social Activities on Depressive Symptoms among the Community Dwelling Elderly

施春華(Chun-Hua Shih) ； 侯淑英(Shu-Ying Hou) ； 楊明仁(Ming-Jen Yang) ； 張麗珍(Li-Chen Chang) ； 張自強(Tzyh-Chyang Chang) ； 黃俊仁(Chun-Jen Huang)

《實證護理》 1卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 29-34

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.1.1.29

摘要

本研究主要目的在探討社區老人憂鬱狀態及其影響因素；再以社區參與為主要的理念，設計並實施心理健康促進處過方案，並評估其成效。本研究分為二階段，第一階段以多層次隨機抽樣方式選取1,000名嘉義縣老人為研究對象，進行社區老人之憂鬱狀態與其影響因素之探討。第二階段，則再從中隨機選取50名某社區之老人進行為期四個月以「社區參與」為主題的介入處過方案，並為所有參與者進行憂鬱狀態評估，以作為成效判斷之依據。研究結果顯示，24.2%的老人個案在過去一週有憂鬱症狀；女性、未就學、低家庭收入、有身體疾病、及缺少社區活動參與者，其憂鬱症狀較明顯。活動參與處過後結果發現，經常參加社區活動者其憂鬱症狀程度明顯地低於較少參加活動者。而且，在經常參加組，可以明顯發現活動的參與頻率愈高，其憂鬱症狀程度將愈低。本研究結果除了可協助健康照護人員了解台灣老人心理健康狀況以及其影響因素作，並建議社區參與可為將來社區老人心理健康促進處過方案的參考依據。

關鍵字

社會資本 ； 老人憂鬱症 ； 台灣人憂鬱篩選問卷 ； 社區參與

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of participation in social activities on depressive symptoms among the community dwelling elderly In this study, a two-stage sampling procedure was conducted, and for the first stage, 1,000 elderly people residing in Chyia-Yi County were selected by multi-level random sampling, in order to estimate their depressive symptoms and the factors associated therewith Thereafter, a subset of 50 elderly people were chosen from a community, by random sampling, to participate in a four-month ”community participation” intervention program Results showed that 24.2% of the subjects reported suffering from depressive symptoms during the previous week Those who were female, illiterate, from low-income families, had physical illnesses, and did not take part in social activities were more likely to develop depressive symptoms Frequent participants in social activities were significantly less depressed than others To conclude, this study should not only help health professionals to gain a clearer understanding of the mental health of the elderly in Taiwan, but also suggests that social participation should play an important role in future mental health promotion programs among the elderly.

並列關鍵字

social capital ； geriatric depression ； Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ) ； community participation