- 學位論文
台灣半導體企業社會責任之內部與外部影響
Internal and External Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility on Semiconductor Companies in Taiwan
摘要
企業社會責任的理念是：企業在創造利潤，對股東利益負責的同時，還要承擔對員工和環境的社會責任。也就是說，除了考量企業之財政外，對社會和自然環境之影響也要納入考量。本論文以台灣半導體為主體探討企業社會責任之內部與外部影響。論文中首先了解企業社會責任與企業利潤之相關，經過典型相關及資料包絡分析後，發現九家企業社會責任公司之中有三家的結構相對低效。作者建議低效的企業社會責任公司可以著重於擴增員工和固定資產(內部)。再來以事件研究法瞭解日月光的環境污染議題對股票市場的影響，發現負面環境問題對半導體股的影響很大。實證結果表示在2013年12月中旬有負的大量異常報酬。即事件早期爆發時大眾給予更多的關注。事件損及環境也損及股東之利益(外部)。最後我們透過http://ibeejobs.com收集日月光員工的工作滿意度，十個評估項目：公司前景、管理階層評比、升遷機會、溝通管道、待遇福利、員工士氣、完善制度規範、公私生活平衡、平等互重文化、環境設施，及6個開放性問答進行探討，結果表示最低的滿意度是員工士氣。作者建議員工士氣需要一個好的經理來促進部門的士氣。關於工作滿意度作者以職位劃分為三類：第一類是非管理職和管理職、第二類是直接人員和間接人員、第三類是非後勤人員和後勤人員，然後進行獨立樣本T檢定，以辨別各類工作滿意度是否有不同(內部)。本研究還審視臺灣半導體生產力與總體經濟因素之關係為何，作者以營業收入來表示半導體業供應鏈的生產力，八個總體經濟因素(北美半導體訂單出貨比、出口價格指數、出口訂單、再貼現率、匯率、臺灣加權股票指數、外國直接投資和失業率)和營業收入進行單根檢定、共整合檢定、格蘭傑因果關係檢定及ARDL模型。發現臺灣加權股票指數與出口價格指數、再貼現率與匯率都是雙向因果關係，結果表示因素之間有長期穩定關係(外部)。本文最後回推台灣半導體業的公司價值，作者以廣義相關圖對此進行探討，發現固定資產周轉率、經營性現金流量比率、庫存周轉率具有最大值，而經營性現金流量比率有最小值。作者建議以經營現金流量比率，來確定企業是否好壞(內部)。
並列摘要
The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is that corporate profits and shareholders’ interests exist at the same time; corporates also bear social responsibility to employees and the environment. In other words, in taking account of financial considerations of corporation, the impact on society and environment should also be considered. In this paper, the main body consists of the Taiwan semiconductor and studies on internal and external impacts of CSR. First, the authors need to understand the relevant CSR and corporate profits. After canonical correlation is processed, the authors review all companies with Data Envelopment Analysis. The authors find that three out of nine CSR companies are relatively inefficient states. The authors suggest that inefficient CSR firms can focus on expanding staffs and fixed assets (internal). Second, the paper mainly explores that Advanced Semiconductor Engineering (ASE) environmental issues affect the stock market. Negative environmental issues of the semiconductor industry in Taiwan really have a great influence over semiconductor industry stocks by Event Study. The empirical results show that the authors gain a negative abnormal return which is in mid-December of 2013; value is the most highlighted in this period. In other words, the public in the early outbreak has more concern. Those issues could harm the benefits of environment and shareholders (external). Third, the authors use ASE employees’ job satisfaction to discuss main causes of their job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Data is taken from http://ibeejobs.com. The authors not only use ten different evaluation items: Company prospects, Evaluation of management, Promotion opportunities, Communication channels, Pay benefits, Employee morale, Perfect system specification, Balance work and private life, Mutual respect for cultural equality, and Environmental facilities but also take 6 open questions and answers to analyze job satisfaction. The lowest satisfaction is Employee morale. The authors suggest that Employee morale needs a nice manager to promote the department morale. Regarding job satisfaction, the job title is divided into three classifications: the first way is divided by workers with Non-management versus Management positions; the second way is divided by Direct versus Indirect staff; the third way is divided by Non-supportive versus Support staff. Fourth, the paper examines the relationships between semiconductor productivity and macroeconomic factors in Taiwan. The use of operating revenue represents the productivity for the supply chain in the semiconductor industry. The authors take nine variables (Operating revenue, North American semiconductor book-to-bill ratio, Export price index, Export order, Rediscount rate, Exchange rate, Taiwan weighted stock index, Foreign direct investment, and Unemployment rate) to conduct Unit root, Co-integration, Granger Causality test, and ARDL. Taiwan weighed the stock index versus Export price index, and Rediscount rate versus Exchange rate are bidirectional causality. The authors find that they have a long-term and stable relationship (external). Back to the firm value of semiconductor industry in Taiwan, this paper explores to the firm value of semiconductor industry in Taiwan by generalization association plot (GAP). The authors find that Fixed asset turnover, Operating cash flow ratio, and Inventory turnover have maximum values, and only Operating cash flow ratio has a minimum value. The authors suggest concerning indicator of Operating cash flow ratio to determine that firm is good or bad (internal).