工作倦怠、人格特質與情緒勞務之相關性研究-以桃園縣公、私立高中職教師為例

A Study on the Relationships among Burnout, Emotional Labor and Personality Traits : Examples of Private and Public Vocational High School Teachers in Taoyuan County in Taiwan

莊曉萍(Shiao-Ping Chuang)

指導教授 ： 諸承明

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200214

摘要

內對於高中職教師之工作倦怠與情緒勞務展現的研究鳳毛麟角，因此之故本研究將以桃園縣高中職教師為對象，加以探究其工作倦怠與情緒勞務間的關係與影響，並加入「Big Five人格特質」為調節變項，進一步探討該變項在彼此間是否具干擾作用？後再將研究結果提出實務建議，俾作為教育機關及後續研究者參考之用。
本研究採用問卷調查法，共發出240份問卷，有效樣本率為100％，採用量表包括「工作倦怠」、「情緒勞務展現」、「Big Five 人格特質」等量表；並將回收之問卷資料採用敘述性統計、次數分配、信度、內容效度檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson 相關分析及多元迴歸分析等方法檢驗後，其研究發現如下：
(一)桃園縣高中職教師其整體「工作倦怠」感受程度有中度偏低情況。
(二)桃園縣高中職教師其整體「情緒勞務」展現程度有中度偏高情形。
(三)背景變項在「年資、教育程度」上對整體「工作倦怠」產生顯著差異。
(四)背景變項在「性別、擔任職務、教授科目、任教資格、學校規模、學校性質」上對整體「情緒勞務」產生部份差異。
(五)桃園縣高中職教師之工作倦怠與情緒勞務間有顯著關聯，且整體工作倦怠與整體情緒勞務間有顯著負相關。
(六)桃園縣高中職教師之工作倦怠與情緒勞務間有顯著影響，且整體工作倦怠與整體情緒勞務間有顯著負向影響。
(七)工作倦怠與情緒勞務間關係受人格特質「勤勉審慎性」、「親和性」的干擾。
綜上所述，工作倦怠感受程度偏低，情緒勞務展現程度卻偏高，中間差距可提供教育機關或相關單位，特別注意擁有「勤勉審慎性」、「親和性」特質的高中職教師，在情緒勞務展現中若產生干擾時其對工作所造成的影響，應給予更多關懷、回饋，讓老師們能及早面對問題之根源，解決教育人員的工作壓力與情緒負荷，如此才能提供更優質的服務於職場中，更為良好的教育環境貢獻一己之力。

關鍵字

工作倦怠

並列摘要

A Study on the Relationships among Burnout, Emotional Labor and Personality Traits：Examples of Private and Public Vocational High School Teachers in Taoyuan County in Taiwan
Abstract
Because there was little research on senior and vocational high school teachers’ job burnout and emotional labor in Taiwan, this thesis aims to explore the correlation and influence between Taoyuan county’s senior and vocational high school teachers’ job burnout and emotional labor. The thesis used Big Five personal traits as a moderator to examine whether the moderating effect exists. Based on the findings, specific recommendations were proposed as references and applications for educational administration and researchers in the future.
The thesis adopted questionnaire survey and issued 240 effective questionnaires. The effective response rate was 100%. The scale included job burnout, emotional labor and Big Five personal traits. The thesis used descriptive statistics, frequency distribution, reliability and content validity, Independent-Sample T test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to analyze and found:

1. The overall burnout feeling of Taoyuan County’s senior and vocational high school teachers was medium-to-low.
2. The overall emotional labor level of Taoyuan County’s senior and vocational high school teachers was medium-to-high.
3. The background variables in years of service and education level varied significantly from overall job burnout.
4. There was little difference between the background variables in gender, position in school, teacher classification, teacher qualification, school scale, and school classification and overall emotional labor.
5. There was a positive correlation among job burnout and emotional labor of Taoyuan senior and vocational high school teachers. There was a significantly negative correlation between overall job burnout and emotional labor.
6. There was a positive influence among job burnout and emotional labor of Taoyuan senior and vocational high school teachers. There was a significantly negative influence between overall job burnout and emotional labor.
7. Job burnout and emotional labor is interfered with personal traits including agreeableness and conscientiousness.

Above all, the finding that gap between the medium-to-low burnout feeling and the medium-to-high emotional labor level can be offered to educational and relative administration and the administration should be more concerned about those senior and vocational high school teachers who have qualities of agreeableness and conscientiousness, especially when they show negative interference in emotional labor and cause some influence to their work. As a result, the finding are hoped to make teachers face the root of the problem in advance and solve their pressure and emotion labor so as to contribute to education.

並列關鍵字

emotional labor ； Big Five personal traits ； job burnout

參考文獻

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