冷戰時期台灣基督教界「護教反共」的組織與活動

The Anti-Communist Moverment in Taiwan Churches during the Cold-War Period

詹偉良(Wei-Liang Chan)

指導教授 ： 曾慶豹

中原大學/人文與教育學院/宗教研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200880

摘要

摘要
人們即便有著相同基督信仰，同一本聖經，卻有著不同解讀思維，並存在著不同政治立場，基督信仰思想不單只用一句耶穌愛你，可一語概括。此論文用意不在批判政治立場的是非對錯，而是要梳理過去曾發生過的歷史。

筆者撰寫此論文的目的:其一為探討國民政府遷台之後到解嚴這四十年間，護教反共產生的時代背景。其二分析歸納「萬國基督教聯合會」、「世界基督教護教反共聯合會」這兩個護教反共的組織其形成背景、目標、內容及明白當時基督教護教反共的宗教思想。

本文的研究內容首先從1949年之後台灣的反共活動一窺時代背景，透過認識反共活動的時代背景，進而明白護教反共思想成形的過程及了解當時反共護教基督教的信仰受哪些思想所影響。在研究方法上主要針對當時基督教界的兩大組織「萬國基督教聯合會」、「世界基督教護教反共聯合會」歷史文獻梳理，包括護教反共的書籍文獻、及其會議記錄、護教反共的目標、內容及實施方法，追溯護教反共宗教思想的緣由。

台灣在冷戰時期，政治的影響力處處可見，無可避免的台灣基督教也參在「護教反共」之中，造成了台灣基督教歷史發展的一個變化，台灣基督教長老會走上了台獨的道路，解放神學或左翼的思想在教會形成了一個完全被抗拒的局面。總之，凡走過的必留下痕跡，冷戰時期的反共意識形態，在今天台灣的神學走向上，仍可見其清楚的痕跡。這樣的歷史事件或許是上帝對華人社群的特別祝福。

關鍵字:冷戰時期、反共護教、萬國基督教聯合會、世界基督教護教反共聯合會

關鍵字

冷戰時期 ； 反共護教 ； 世界基督教護教反共聯合會 ； 萬國基督教聯合會

並列摘要

Abstract
Although people may have the same Christian faith, they still have different interpretations of the Bible that existed in differing political stances. The principles of the Christian faith cannot be simply summarized under the phrase“Jesus loves you.” The intention of this article was not to criticize the rights or wrongs of political positions, but to explore history as it occurred.

We had two objectives for conducting this study. First, to explore the 40-year period from the migration of the Chinese Nationalist government to Taiwan until the lifting of martial law, which served as the background epoch forthe development of the anti-communist apologist movement.Second, to analyze and simplifythe formation background, goal, and content of the two organizations involved in the anti-communist apologist movement, namely the International Council of Christian Churches and the World Christian Apologist Anti-Communist Alliance, and to understand the religious beliefs underlying the Christian anti-communist apologist movement.

The content ofthis study begins from the anti-communist activities conducted in Taiwan after 1949, which offera glimpse into the background of thatera. Byunderstanding the atmosphere surrounding anti-communist movements, we increase our comprehension of the formation of anti-communist apologist principles, and which lines of thought influenced anti-communist apologist Christian faith. Regarding the research methods employed, theirprimary focus is to searchhistorical literature for information regardingtwo organizations: theInternational Council of Churches and the World Christian Apologist Anti-Communist Alliance. The research traced the source of anti-communist apologist religious thought through books and literature on the anti-communist apologist movement and its meeting records, goals, contents, and implementation methods.

Duringthe cold war era in Taiwan, the influence of politics has been ever-present. Therefore, Christianity in Taiwan has become unavoidably embroiled in the anti-communist apologist movement, which altered the development of Christianity in Taiwan. The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan adopted the stance of Taiwanese independence, where liberation theology or leftist thoughts were entirely resisted by the church. In short, traces of what has occurred will always remain in history. Traces of the anti-communist ideology adopted during the cold-war era are still clearly visiblein the current theological principles upheld in Taiwan. Thus, this historical event may have been a special blessing from God to the Asiancommunity.

Keywords: Coldwar era, anti-communist apologists, International Council of Churches, World Christian Apologist Anti-Communist Alliance

並列關鍵字

World Christian Apologist Anti-Communist Alliance ； Coldwar era ； International Council of Churches ； anti-communist apologists

參考文獻

參考文獻

一、 中文參考書目

1. 成文秀，《護教反共叢談》，(台北：協林印書館有限公司，1982)。

2. 劉真光，《宗教統戰論叢》，(台北：乙勝文具印刷公司，1982)。

3. 趙君影，《漫談五十年來中國的教會與政治》，(台北：中華歸主協會，1981)。