應用ABC與層級分析法改善存貨管理策略-以汽車油脂公司為例

Using ABC and AHP Analysis to Improve Inventory Management Strategies-A Case Study on Automotive Grease Company

彭正雄(Cheng-Hsiung Peng)

指導教授 ： 黃惠民

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800337

摘要

在一個穩定的汽車油脂倉儲公司，庫存管理人員需要三年以上的經驗來分析預測最佳化的安全庫存量。結果，庫存的數量卻是由採購管理部門預測市場訂單，實際上的供需卻常常過剩與短缺。而穩定的汽車油脂企業面對的則是旗下的服務保修據點與外在汽車服務廠(內販與外販)。對於企業內部的販售可以有其他替代方案，但外部市場的販售上卻有著超過五間以上的全球專業潤滑油企業分食這塊油脂大餅。在一間約為200 多坪的存放空間裡，物品存放的增減是對於管理人員的最大挑戰。倉儲管理員對於安全庫存的保證，就是提升顧客滿意度的其中一項議題。

本文所要做的研究領域實屬存貨系統的一環，研究目為改善安全庫存與預測再訂購點，範圍設定為機油、齒輪油、工業油等...。並將其限制設定在景氣上升中環境。使用以帕雷托最優原則設計的分類為基礎，結合至層級分析法中，以問卷調查法找出影響安全庫存的要素因子，並以時間序列法推斷出安全庫存水位表現，以預測技術建立再訂購點，最終以整體流程再造方式建立出安全庫存參考依據。如能將市場走勢預測的精準並整合供應鏈間的訊息共享，應能找出更接近市場的安全庫存。

關鍵字

ABC 庫存法 ； 帕雷托分析 ； AHP 分析法 ； 預測技術 ； 時間序列法 ； 再訂購點

並列摘要

At a stable automotive grease & lubricant warehousing company, inventory managers need more than three years of experience to analyze and predict the optimal safety stock. Therefore, the quantity of inventory is forecasted by the purchasing management department to market orders. However, the actual supply and demand are often surplus and have shortage. The automotive grease companies are faced with their service guarantee bases and the external car service companies (local and foreign traders). There may be other alternatives for the sale of goods within the company, but there are more than five global professional lubricant companies on the market to share this fat cake. In a storage space of about 200 pings, the increase or decrease in the storage of items is the most significant challenge for the managers. The storage manager's guarantee for safety stock is one of the topics that enhance customer satisfaction.

The research field to be done in this paper is part of the inventory system. The research aims to improve the safety stock and forecast reorder points. The scope is set to oil, gear oil, industrial oil, etc., and its limits in the environment where the economy is rising. This research is based on the classification that implements Pareto optimal principle, combined with the analysis hierarchical process method. The factor factors affecting the safety stock are found by questionnaire method, and the safety stock level performance is inferred by time series method to predict the technology establishment. This work aims to re-order points and finally establish a safety stock reference in the overall process reengineering. If one can accurately predict market trends and integrate information sharing between supply chains, he would be able to find safer stocks closer to the market.

並列關鍵字

Activity Based Classification ； Pareto Analysis ； Analytic Hierarchy Process ； Time Series Method ； Reorder Point

參考文獻

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