運動環境下介面呈現極性對於人員訊號偵測績效暨視域影響之研究

The effects of motion environments, screen quadrant, and polarity on the signal detection task performance.

曾楓億(Feng-Yi Tseng)

指導教授 ： 林久翔

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600441

摘要

運動環境下容易於引起人員動暈、疲勞及中斷作業的績效問題。過去已有很多研究進行探討人員在靜態環境下的視覺績效，但卻極少有研究討論在運動環境下對人員訊號偵測之實際評估。本研究係比較不同的動、靜態環境，包括：靜態（Static）、翻滾（Roll）、俯仰（Pitch）及升降（Heave）等四種；與改變螢幕的呈現極性（黑底白訊號、白底黑訊號兩種），及把訊號偵測畫面平均分割成四個象限，以探討人員在各象限的視覺績效優劣情況。
本研究的運動環境，係以六軸平台模擬艙產生頻率為0.3赫茲、振幅為±10公分（Heave）或±8°（Roll、Pitch）的低頻運動模式。六軸平台的動態範圍規格為：升降（Heave）± 20公分、縱移（Surge）± 25公分、橫移（Sway）± 25公分、翻滾（Roll）± 15度、俯仰（Pitch）± 15度及平擺（Yaw）± 17度。
本實驗採用2 × 4 × 4的設計方法，受測者共有8位；實驗的自變數包含螢幕極性、環境與象限，應變數為反應時間及正確率。實驗結果顯示，運動環境下的訊號偵測反應時間明顯的受到象限之影響（p=0.024），而且極性與環境明顯產生交互作用（p=0.001）。本研究的結果未來將有助於提供在運動環境下之重要資訊呈現位置及日後動態環境產品的設計參考，並期望未來能建立一套人員於運動環境下視覺績效之規範。

關鍵字

動態環境 ； 訊號偵測 ； 象限 ； 極性

並列摘要

Motion environments pose many problems to human performances (e.g. motion sickness, motion induce interruption and motion induce fatigue). There exists many literatures to investigate the issues of visual performances, but few focus on the effect on signal detection task during motion environments with different display polarity and screen quadrant. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different motion experimental environments (static, heave, roll and pitch), two display polarities (black background white target and white background black target), and four quadrants (the screen was split into four same areas as usual) on the signal detection performance. The motion environment (frequency: 0.3Hz, amplitude of vibration: ±10cm or ±8°) was made by a 6 degree of freedom (DOF) platform motion simulator. The specifications of the platform are as follows: Heave（range±20cm）, Sway（range±25cm）, Surge（range±25cm）, Pitch（range±15°）, Roll（range±15°）, Yaw（range±17°）. The experiment of 2×4×4 design with eight subjects was adopted in each test. The dependent variables are used to assess the performance are outlined below: 1. reaction time. 2. accuracy. The independent variables include display polarity, motion environments, and quadrant. The preliminary results showed that signal detection reaction time during motion environments was significantly affected by different quadrant (p=0.024), and the interaction between display polarity and motion environments was significant (p=0.001). Based on these initial findings in the experiment, it provides the designer a guideline as how to put the important information on the suitable position of a screen during motion environments.

並列關鍵字

signal detection ； quadrant ； display polarity ； motion environment

參考文獻

馮文陽，民國90年，照明因子對視覺績效與視覺疲勞之影響，中原大學工業工程所碩士論文。

Dillon, A., 1992, Reading from paper versus screens: a critical review of the empirical literature, Ergonomics, 35, 1297-1326.

Goldstein, A. and Babkoff, H., 2001, A comparison of upper vs. lower and right vs.left visual fields using lexical decision, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54A (4), 1239-1259.

Jaschinski-Kruza, 1991, Eyestrain in VDU users: Viewing distance and the resting position of ocular muscles, Human Factors, 33(1), 69-83.

Maehara, G., Okubo, M. and Michimata, C., 2004. Effects of background color on detecting spot stimuli in the upper and lower visual fields. Brain and Cognition, 55, 558-563.