- 學位論文
台灣人造纖維及紡紗業之物質流與其成長環境因素分析
The Material Flow and Analysis of Growing Environmental Factors in Taiwan Man-made Fiber and Spinner Industry.
摘要
人類使用了大量的資源來維持經濟發展，但這些資源的使用最後會形成廢棄物質而回到環境中造成污染。因人類的社會建構在物質之投入與產出上，故利用物質流來分析的主要目的即為衡量自然資源真正的使用情形。本研究以World Resource Institute之物質流分析架構為主，彙整物質流分析相關之研究，以探討台灣紡織業之物質流，並使用國際學者認同的指標，如使用密集度( intensity of use， IU)、IPAT ( 衝擊 =人口 ╳ 富裕 ╳ 科技 )；impact = population ╳ affluence ╳technology )、EKC ( environmental Kuznets curve )，來探討台灣紡織業工業生態現況。 另一方面則利用縱斷面之角度實證分析台灣之經濟成長原因和軌跡，當然也將紡織業納入考慮。利用經濟成長模型、結構方程模式(structural equation model)之實際經濟成長相關因子，尤其加入紡織相關因子以進一步比較及探討永續發展之前景。 本文突破傳統的論文研究，不僅探討紡織業之物質流帳，亦增添經濟帳之探討，以全方面的探討紡織業之工業生態現況。而經由實證結果可以得以下結論： 1.近年來人造纖維業及紡紗業之使用密集度降低，可能是產業外移及紡織技術進步所引起；2. 人力資本、實質資本及技術進步的確會對經濟成長有所影響；3. 在結構方程式中，以整體適配度觀點來看，整體模式是恰當的，而其中服務因子、工業製造因子、紡織因子及商業因子皆具有正向顯著性，也說明了台灣以往之能持續發展，紡織業因子不失為發展經濟之重要指標。
關鍵字
物質流並列摘要
The human economic development uses a lot of resources, resulting in the disposal of wastes during or after the usage of resources. Based on the framework of the material flow analysis (MFA) the efficient proposed by World Resource Institute, some key indicators for characterizing the efficient productivity and utilization of materials were computed. This study focuses on the material flow of Taiwan’s man-made fiber and spinner industries. The present analysis employs the recognized indicators, such as IU (intensity of use), IPAT (impact = population ╳ affluence ╳ technology ), EKC (environmental Kuznets curve) to elucidate the environmental performance of industries. In addition, this study performs empirical analyses for the economic growth of Taiwan by using the Solow growth, AK and structural equation models to examine factors affecting the growth. The textile factors are included in order to explore its environment impacts so as to keep sustainable development. This study is distinct from the previous analyses. It is not only elucidate the material flows account of textile, but also the economic account. From the study one may first conclude that the technology improvement and industry emigrant have caused the IU to decrease. The second conclusion is that human capital cultivation, real capital stock accumulation and technology improvements can significantly explain the rapid economic growth of Taiwan in the past two decades. The whole goodness of fit in structure equation model reveals its appropriation in reflecting the growth patterns of Taiwan. Textile factors contribute significantly to economic growth.