應用砂濾、薄膜蒸餾、吸附技術整合處理系統於水產養殖廢水回收之研究

隨著世界人口的逐年遞增，人類對食物的需求也隨之增加。為了因應快速增長的食物需求，人工養殖為世界重要因應對策之一，因此全球水產養殖業的增長速度十分顯著。然而，隨著水產產量的增加，人們對污水的產生也產生了更大的擔憂，特別是大量有機物和營養物質被排放到環境中。因此，本研究旨在調查和研究應用砂濾、空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾和吸附整合系統，於去除水產養殖廢水中存在的有機物和營養物之效果與最佳參數條件，以回收養殖廢水再利用於養殖用水。在砂濾中，以較深的砂濾深度（20 cm）為最佳參數，得到對濁度、懸浮固體、生物需氧量和化學需氧量的去除效率分別為 81.33%、73.78%、93.75%和51.72%。而空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾之最佳進料溫度、進料 pH 值和空隙間隔寬度分別為70℃、pH值7與0.6mm，在此條件下的最高滲透通量分別為 8.71、6.95 和 8.93 kg/m2h，對化學需氧量、磷酸鹽、總有機碳之去除率可大於90%，氨氮去除率則可達到80%以上。研究結果顯示空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾是一種非常具發展潛力的水產養殖廢水回收技術，在最佳參數條件操作下可達到高產水率、低耗電量、適中處理成本、優良處理水質等優勢。關於吸附單元，在 20 分鐘的接觸時間條件下，磷酸鹽最高可達到 99% 的去除率，最高吸附效能可達18.28 mg P/g，等同吸附磷酸鹽可達到約 7.904 mg P/g。綜合本研究之整合處理系統試驗結果，在最佳參數操作下可達到高效率的污染物質去除率，其處理水質亦可達到水產養殖所需水質標準，成功回收養殖廢水於養殖用水再利用，降低水產養殖對環境之衝擊。關鍵詞：水產養殖廢水、砂濾、空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾、吸附

關鍵字

水產養殖廢水；砂濾；空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾；吸附

並列摘要

World aquaculture has the most significant growth rate and has become a response to human food demand, increasing effluent discouragement, particularly of enormous concentrations of organic matter and nutrients discharged into the environment. Thus, the present study investigates the multi-stages (e.g., sand filtration, air gap membrane distillation (AGMD), and adsorption) for reclaiming the aquaculture wastewater as a substrate for cultivating newly cultivated species that exceed the water quality standard. The results exhibited a deeper sand filter depth (e.g., 20 cm) as the optimal parameter was observed for removal efficiency of turbidity, SS, BOD, and COD were 81.33%, 73.78%, 93.75%, and 51.72%, respectively. Moreover, The optimal parameter conditions in AGMD have selected feed concentration at 70 ℃, feed pH at 7, and void spacer width at 0.6 mm, which reached a high water production rate, low SEEC, and decent water consumption cost with good water quality. The highest permeate flux on the optimal feed temperature, feed pH, and void spacer width was obtained at 8.71, 6.95, and 8.93 kg/m2h. The removal rate of COD, PO43--P, and TOC were achieved by >90%. In contrast, the ammoniacal nitrogen was reached by >80%. The highest phosphate removal was achieved by 99% on contact time at 20 min for the adsorption process. The maximum capacity was 18.28 mg P/g, and equilibrium adsorbed phosphate reached around 7.904 mg P/g. Furthermore, the optimal parameters of the combined treatment process were achieved with high contaminant removal efficiencies, which fulfill the acceptable water quality standard for newly cultured fish. Keywords: Aquaculture wastewater (AWW), Sand Filtration, Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD), Adsorption

並列關鍵字

Aquaculture wastewater (AWW) ； Sand Filtration ； Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD) ； Adsorption

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