應用感性工學及眼動儀於病房設計以提升適用性與滿意度

病房為治療和康復之重要工具與地點，滿足患者對病房環境的訴求，使患者在住院的過程中，身心有良好的照護以提早康復出院，有其重要性。因此本研究目的為找尋住院病人及陪病者對病房的心理感受，從中萃取出感性因子，以探討病房設計，建構符合使用性及滿意度之病房，以提升使用者的適用性與滿意度。本研究招募30位受測者，使用感性工程問卷與眼動儀進行實驗，再使用統計分析，篩選出影響患者對於病房設計的重要因子。本研究蒐集10間病房的照片做為樣本照片供受測者觀看，再篩選出20個感性詞彙做為語意差異法問卷。將30位受測者的問卷調查結果利用因素分析和單因子變異數分析，找出病房設計的感性因子和10間病房的喜好度，並利用眼動儀的結果做為輔助性的分析。本研究將病房設計的部分分為三部分:病房整體空間、陪病家屬休息區、衛浴區，並使用SPSS統計軟體，對上述的實驗數據進行分析。病房設計有四項感性因子，分別為「病房整體感受感性因子」，包含歡愉的、活力的、高格調的、舒適的、放鬆的、溫馨的、現代的、適合住的、設備多樣的；「病房空間感性因子」，包含走道寬敞的、整體寬敞的；「廁所感性因子」，包含廁所安全的、廁所牆壁色彩簡約的；「病房設施感性因子」，包含病房地板色彩柔和的、病房窗戶大的；項目類別喜好度表和單因子變異數分析可得知病房設計要素分別為病房整體感受、病房空間大小、家屬休息區大小、廁所牆壁壁磚，並找到各病房設計要素的最佳組合。希望本次的實驗結果，在未來能幫助到想探討此議題的相關人員，並實際應用在醫院的病房，使患者於病房住院時提升舒適度及滿意度，降低住院時的負面情緒。關鍵詞:感性工程、病房設計、眼動儀、統計分析、語意差異法

關鍵字

語意差異法；統計分析；眼動儀；病房設計；感性工程

並列摘要

As an important tool and location for treatment and rehabilitation, it is important to meet patients' demands for ward environment so that patients can have good physical and mental care during hospitalization and be discharged early. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the psychological feelings of inpatients and their companions about the ward, and to extract the perceptual factors from them, so as to explore the ward design and construct a ward that meets the usability and satisfaction level, and to enhance the usability and satisfaction of users. In this study, 30 subjects were recruited to conduct experiments using a perceptual engineering questionnaire and an eye-tracking device, and then statistical analysis was used to screen out the important factors that influence patients' perceptions of ward design. Photographs of 10 wards were collected as sample photographs for the participants to view, and 20 perceptual words were selected as the semantic difference questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by factor analysis and one-way analysis of variance to find out the perceptual factors of ward design and the preferences of the 10 wards, and the results of eye-tracking were used as a supplementary analysis. In this study, the ward design was divided into three parts: the overall space of the ward, the resting area for family members, and the bathing area, and the experimental data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. There are four perceptual factors in ward design, which are "ward overall feeling perceptual factor", including cheerful, energetic, high style, comfortable, relaxing, warm, modern, suitable for living, and various facilities; "ward space perceptual factor", including spacious aisles and spacious overall; "toilet perceptual factor", including safe toilets and simple color of toilet walls; "ward facility perceptual factor", including ward floor color and color. The "ward facility perceptual factor" includes the ward floor with soft color and the ward window with large size; the category preference table and the single factor variance analysis can reveal that the ward design elements are ward overall feeling, ward space size, family rest area size, and toilet wall tiles, and the best combination of each ward design element can be found. It is hoped that the results of this experiment will be useful to those who want to explore this issue in the future and be applied in hospital wards to enhance the comfort and satisfaction of patients and reduce their negative emotions during hospitalization. Key words: kansei engineering,ward design,eye tracker,statistical analysis,semantic differential