應用新型助熔劑在常壓微波電漿反應器中穩定飛灰之研究

Stabilization of Fly Ash with novel flux agent in atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma reactor

馬世隆(BERNUY ZUMAETA MARCELO)

指導教授 ： 王雅玢 ； 游勝傑

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202201321

摘要

目前焚化爐產生的飛灰由於其有毒化合物和重金屬含量高，不僅在環境方面會引起許多問題，而且在經濟方面亦會造成負面影響，因其需要大量資源來進行處理和最終處置。 本研究旨在微波電漿反應器中應用貝殼粉作為助熔劑來穩定飛灰，研究中有兩個實驗階段：第一階段著重於使用兩種氣體（氬氣和氮氣）處理飛灰以製備三種組合，第二階段基於使用三種不同比例之助熔劑，以田口法設計 (L9) 來計算功率、流量和時間等參數最佳數值。 研究結果顯示組合 3（飛灰 +貝殼粉 + 石英 + 氧化鋁 + 玻璃）的毒性降解效果最佳，此組合之重金屬去除量分別為：As (89%)、Hg (100%)、Cd(88%) 、Cr (79%) 、Cu (79%)、Pb (88%) 和 Se (97%)，而分析其礦物成分主要為矽灰石、鈣黃長石、富鋁紅柱石和方解石，並發現以氮氣作為載體氣體時可得最佳性能。而在第二階段試驗結果顯示樣品3，在以下參數數值操作下：功率-1,000w、流量-12L/M、時間-9分鐘、比例-4:2:1:1:2，可獲得相似的礦物組成，獲得富含二氧化矽、氧化鋁和碳酸鈣之材料。在氣體殘留結果方面，氬氣在降解VOC方面表現出良好的效果：25.4ppm（對照組）和24.4ppm（用助燃劑處理後）。本研究結果指出可以使用貝殼粉搭配一般助燃劑來有效穩定飛灰，並可獲得一種可應用於建築的回收新材料。

關鍵字

粉煤灰 ； 助熔? ； 重金? ； 田口法 ； 微波電漿 ； 玻璃化

並列摘要

Currently, fly ash generated by incinerators can cause many problems not only in the environmental aspect, due to its high content of toxic compounds and heavy metals, but also in the economic aspect since more resources are required for its treatment and final disposal. The present work aims to stabilize fly ash using shell as a flux agent in the microwave plasma reactor. The study has two experimental stages: the first one focuses on treating the fly ash preparing three combinations using two types of gases (argon and nitrogen), and the second stage is based on using three types of ratios with different flux agents and values for parameters of power, flow, and time, using a simple Taguchi design (L9). The results show that combination 3 (Fly ash + Shell + Quartz + Alumina + Glass), has the best result in toxicity reduction, with a metal removal of: As (89%), Hg (100%), Cd(88%), Cr (79%) Cu (79), Pb (88%) and Se (97%), as well as the mineralogical composition (Wollastonite, Gehlenite, Mullite and Calcite), being the nitrogen with the best performance as carrier gas; and for the second stage, sample 3, with the parameters and values of: power-1000w, flow- 12L/M, time-9 minutes and ratio- 4:2:1:1:2; obtaining the same mineralogical composition rich in SiO2, Al2O3 and CaCO3. In terms of gas residues results, Argon gas shows a good performance in degradation of VOC: 25.4ppm (control) and 24.4ppm after treatment with flux agents. It is concluded that it is possible to stabilize fly ash using powder shell with the support of conventional flux agents to obtain a new recycled material for construction.

並列關鍵字

Fly ash ； Flux agents ； heavy metals ； Taguchi method ； Microwave plasma ； Vitrification

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