非過敏性鼻炎受冷空氣誘發的生理監測

Physiological detection of cold air-induced non-allergic rhinitis

莊明憲(ming-sian Jhuang)

指導教授 ： 蔡正倫

中原大學/工學院/生物醫學工程研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800798

摘要

非過敏性鼻炎的症狀與過敏性鼻炎相似，無需過敏原即可發作且可持續時間較長，目前沒有特別針對此鼻炎的診斷儀器，因此需要透過刪除過敏原的方法才能確診。
此研究中研製了一套連續量測的光學式鼻量計系統，藉以測量與分析呼吸的空氣溫度改變時所引發的心跳率、呼吸率、以及鼻腔黏膜灌流量的生理變化。s腔血液灌流量的改變是以量測鼻樑的光穿透度變化來檢測，呼吸訊息則是使用熱敏電阻量測流經鼻孔的氣流溫度來檢測，這些量測訊號最後透過藍牙無線傳輸至電腦進行分析及儲存。藉由改變呼吸空氣的溫度與引導受測者的呼吸速率，可以控制誘發鼻炎反應的物理刺激條件。
實驗結果顯示非過敏性鼻炎患者受到冷空氣刺激時，血管收縮造成血液灌流量改變的幅度比正常人明顯，可能導致鼻腔溫度降幅較大，所以呼氣的溫度也出現明顯的陡降。以光學式鼻量計測量鼻腔受到物理刺激時所產生的鼻炎反應，未來或許可以做為非過敏性鼻炎的篩檢方法，並協助醫師判斷非過敏性鼻炎的患者，以便調整藥物處方與治療方式。

關鍵字

非過敏性鼻炎 ； 光學式鼻量計 ； 冷空氣刺激

並列摘要

The symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis are very similar to allergic rhinitis. It can be triggered without an allergen, and lasts for a long time. There is still no special diagnostic instrument for non-allergic rhinitis. Generally, it is diagnosed after excluding most known allergic factors.
In this study, an optical rhinometer is developed to continuously monitoring the rhinitis symptoms and physiological changes that are triggered by a cold-air stimulation. It detects the change in blood perfusion to nasal chamber and heart rate using the measurement of light transmission through nasal bridge. The breathing parameters are measured using thermistors to detect the temperature of air flowing through nostrils. A system-on-a-chip collects all the data and transfers them to a computer for analysis and storage through the wireless Bluetooth communication. The stimulating condition is controlled by setting air temperature and guiding the subjects to control their respiratory rate.
The results show that blood perfusion changes with cold air stimulation is more obvious in subjects with rhinitis. The greater constriction of vessels with stimulus results in a faster temperature drop of nasal wall. This is also reflected on the temperature drop of air exhaled through nostril. The detection of rhinitis reactions by physical stimulation using the optical rhinometer could be a useful screening method of non-allergic rhinitis. It will also help the physician in determining the prescription and treatment process.

並列關鍵字

Non-allergic rhinitis ； optical rhinometer ； cold-air stimulation

參考文獻

[1] Allen,”Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement”, Physiological Measurement; vol. 28,R1-R39, 2007.

[2] Chian-Yaw Hwang, Yi-Ju Chen, Ming-Wei Lin, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Szu-Ying Chu, Chih-Chiang Chen, Ding-Dar Lee, Yun-Ting Chang, wen-Jen Wang and Han-Nan Liu” Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis, Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma in Taiwan: A National Study 2000 to 2007” Acta Dermato Venereologica; 90: 589–594, 2010.

[3] Dixit, Amrit, Rakesh Sharma, and Samit Barai. "Corrigendum to Developing and Prototyping Pulse Oximeter for Elderly People." Materials Today: Proceedings; 2.4-5: 1560–1567, 2015.

[4] Esther J. Cheung, Martin J. Citardi, Samer Fakhri, Jordan Cain, Pete S. Batra and Amber Luong. "Comparison of optical rhinometry to acoustic rhinometry using nasal provocation testing with Dermatophagoides farinae."Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery; 143.2: 290-293, 2010.

[5] Humphreys, Kenneth, Tomas Ward, and Charles Markham. "Noncontact simultaneous dual wavelength photoplethysmography: a further step toward noncontact pulse oximetry." Review of Scientific Instruments; 78.4: 044304, 2007.