以雙螺桿微混練製備含二氧化矽/無機層材/聚丙烯之新型奈米複材及性質探討

Preparation and Characterization of SiO2 / Mg-Al-LDH / Polypropylene Nanocomposites by Micro-compounding Process

張佑崙(Yu-Lun Chang)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗燕

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800607

摘要

本研究選取層狀雙氫氧化合物 (Layered double hydroxide，LDH)為層狀材料，利用水熱共沉澱法附著在生物相容性佳之二氧化矽 (Silicon dioxide，SiO2)球體，以不添加額外有機改質劑的方式，與市售聚丙烯 (Polypropylene，PP)以雙螺桿微混練機製備聚丙烯奈米複材，再以熱壓機製備薄膜試片進行下列性質評估。以廣角X-ray繞射分析儀、掃描式電子顯微鏡及穿透式電子顯微鏡鑑定改質型層材在奈米複材中之分散性。以熱重量分析儀、示差掃描量熱儀檢測複材之熱穩定性、熔點及再結晶溫度的變化。以動態機械分析儀與拉伸試驗測量儲存模數及最大拉伸應力。以紫外-可見光譜儀了解對可見光及紫外光三個波段之阻隔效果。以氣體滲透分析儀鑑別奈米複材對氣體的阻隔性改善程度。以接觸角量測與吸水率測試奈米複材之表面親疏水性。結果顯示PP+PPgMA+SiO2Mg-Al之奈米級複合材料在各項性質效果最佳，雖然在熱性質無明顯的提升，但在機械性質中儲存模數增加26 %，最大拉伸應力改善42 %。在光學性質方面，可見光波段 (550 nm)只有8%的損失，但在紫外光波段A (320~400 nm)最高降幅為18 %、紫外光波段B (280~320 nm)下降29 %及紫外光波段C (100~280 nm)更加下降37 %；在阻氣性質在一大氣壓的氧氣穿透率最高下降49 %，氮氣穿透率最高下降80 %，而親水接觸角最大縮小了17度。可見本技術大大提升性質，更有助於拓展此新材料在產業的應用面。

關鍵字

聚丙烯 ； 層狀雙氫氧化合物 ； 二氧化矽: 奈米級複合材料

並列摘要

In this study, layered double hydroxide (Mg-Al-LDH) is successfully coated on silicate the surface of particles (SiO2) by using hydrothermal coprecipitation method. These modified SiO2@Mg-Al without any hydrophilic organics melt mixed with the commercial polypropylene (PP) to form polypropylene nanocomposites by the twin-screw micro-compounding process. The dispersion morphology of the polypropylene nanocomposites identified by wide-angle X-ray diffraction analyzer (WXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thermal stability, melting point and recrystallization temperature were determined by using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. Mechanical properties measured by the dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and tensile test. Optical properties measured by UV-vis spectrometers (UV-Visible). The gas barrier properties, and the contact angle measurement is also studied in this work. The thermal stability does not change with different loading content of nanofiller. However, storage modulus and tensile strength of polymer nanocomposites were enhanced up to 26 % and 42 % of 1 phr SiO2@Mg-Al. The addition of inorganic layer material obstruct visible and ultraviolet light transmission, so visible light transmittance (transparency) is reduced only 8 %, and ultraviolet light transmittance UVA, UVB, and UVC are reduced 18 %, 29 % and 37 % of 3 phr SiO2@Mg-Al as compared to pure polymer. Gas barrier properties at 1 atm can be improved 49 % in oxygen and improved 80 % in nitrogen than that of neat PP. Moreover, these results suggest the potential of the PP composites for the packing applications.

並列關鍵字

Polypropylene ； Layered double hydroxide ； Silicon dioxide ； Nanocomposites

參考文獻

第七章 參考文獻

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