水體中塑膠微粒的創新採樣設備

Development of Innovative Devices to Sample Microplastic in Aquatic Environment

馬聖娜(Sarah Mariska)

指導教授 ： 江謝令涵 ； 江政傑

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201900129

摘要

塑膠微粒 是一種新興的污染物。為了方便研究人員對微塑料進行更深入的研究，有一些新設備專門用於捕獲水生環境中的微塑料樣品。在那些新出生的設計中，哪一個更好？本研究旨在通過比較基於流量和顆粒沉積的設計方法。
三種不同的設計被稱為普通bongo網（A），多網結構（B）和具有多層容器（C）的單網。通過使用達西滲透率定律作為估算每個設計流量的戰略方法，我們可以比較有效性。
在類似的情況下，設計A得到原始水壓和一次膜阻力。它使設計A的流速最高，但研究人員可能會損失微塑料的精細尺寸。然後，設計B通過兩種不同的膜孔徑耦合，水壓在通過第一膜後降低，並且還面臨膜電阻的增加。它導致較慢的流速，但這種設計允許捕獲更精細的微塑料的機會。設計C由最細的膜孔徑但僅一層製成，面向原始水壓，提供比設計B更高的流速但小於設計A.它還完成了多層容器，根據尺寸劃分顆粒沉積。聽起來每個設計都有自己的特色。

關鍵字

塑膠微粒 ； 取樣裝置 ； 滲透率 ； 顆粒沉積

並列摘要

Microplastic is a new emerging pollutant. For facilitating researcher to conduct deeper study toward microplastic, there are some new devices which is specifically designed to capture microplastic samples in aquatic environment. Among those new born design, which one is better? this study is aimed to make an approach in comparing those design based on the flowrate capacity and particle deposition. We provide an approach in understanding physical phenomena inside a bongo net. We also provide innovative design called multi net structure and single net with multi-tier container that the design was backgrounded by advices of former researchers.
Three different designs are named as common bongo net (design A), multi net structure (design B) and single net with multi-tier container (design C). By using Darcy’s law of permeability as a strategic approach for estimating the flowrates of each design, we can compare the effectivity.
Set on the similar circumstance, design A gets original water pressure and one time of membrane resistances. It makes design A having highest flowrates, but the researcher probably loss fine size of microplastics. Then, design B, coupled by two different membrane pore sizes, water pressure is decreasing after passing the first membrane and also facing the increase of membrane resistance. It causes the slower flowrate, but this design allows the opportunity in capturing finer microplastics. Design C, made of the finest membrane pore size with only one layer, faces the original water pressure giving higher flowrate than design B but less than design A. Design C is also completed with multi-tier container that divide the particles deposition based on size. It sound that each design has each own specialty.

並列關鍵字

microplastic ； sampling devices ； permeability ； particle deposition

參考文獻

Alexandra ter Halle, L. L. G. D. G. C. P., 2016. Understanding the Fragmentation Pattern of Marine Plastic Debris. Environmental Science & Technology.

Andrady, A., 2011. Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 62, pp. 1596-1605.

Andrady, A. L., 2017. The plastic in microplastics: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 119, pp. 12-22.

Carson, H. S., 2011. Small plastic debris changes water movement and heat transfer through beach sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 62, pp. 1708-1713.

Christopher Blair Crawford & Brian Quinn, 2017. Microplastic Pollutants. Amsterdam: Elsevier.