製備磺酸化二氧化矽-蒙脫土奈米材料及其在燃料電池上之應用

本研究利用陽離子交換法與溶膠-凝膠法，使用不同比列之三矽源改質劑(DMOSA、TEOS與3MPTMS)改質蒙脫土，製備出具脫層化之磺酸化二氧化矽-蒙脫土奈米材料(Sulfonated Silica-Clay, SSC：CT4SO1、CT4SO2及CT4SO3)，並與Nafion全氟磺酸化高分子混摻，製成Nafion質子交換複合膜(N/CT4SO1、N/CT4SO2及N/CT4SO3)，探討各複合膜之各項性能及其在燃料電池之應用。結果顯示：不同比列之三矽源改質劑(DMOSA、TEOS與3MPTMS)改質於蒙脫土上，所製備出之脫層化SSC奈米材料有不同之結構特性，比表面積與孔洞特性亦有些微差異。添加SSC之奈米材料製備Nafion複合膜，其含水率有明顯提升，最高含水率可達61.0%，質子導電度為1.07±0.2×10-2 S/cm，而甲醇滲透率為8.46×10-7 cm2/s，比Nafion 重鑄膜(RN)降低70.4%，對DMFC將有正面助益。此外，本研究所製備之複合膜應用在質子交換膜燃料電池(PEMFC)之性能測試顯示，操作氣體為H2(g)/O2(g)，在TH2/Tcell/TO2 = 50/50/50℃ 之最佳化條件下，工作電壓為0.4V 時，最佳之複合膜組裝PEMFC 之功率密度為919 mW/cm2，電流密度為2340 mA/cm2，比Nafion(RN)製備之PEMFC 高出95.9%；而在TH2/Tcell/TO2 = 50/80/50℃ 條件下，電壓為0.4 V 時，電流密度達2100 mA/cm2，相當於功率密度為826 mW/cm2，其輸出功率比RN 製備之PEMFC 高出168.2%。本研究結果顯示，所製備之SCC奈米材料是一有潛力之質子交換膜添加材料，除可提升PEMFC 之效能外，預期對DMFC之效能亦將有提升作用。

關鍵字

質子交換膜；燃料電池；脫層；二氧化矽； Nafion膜；磺酸化；黏土；溶膠-凝膠法

並列摘要

In this study, the exfoliated sulfonated silica-clay nanomaterials, CT4SO1, CT4SO2 and CT4SO3, were prepared with different content by three kinds of silica precursors (DMOSA, TEOS, 3MPTMS). They were then separately used as a filler to produce the corresponding composite membranes, N/CT4SO1, N/CT4SO2 and N/CT4SO3, by blending with Nafion. To investigate the effect of the sulfonated silica-clay nanomaterial fillers on the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the as-prepared composite membranes were studied and compared to that with the recast Nafion membrane (RN). The as-prepared sulfonated silica-clay nanomaterials were characterized by WXRD, FTIR, TEM, EA, TGA, BET and 29Si- solid state NMR measurements. The properties of the composite membranes were investigated by their SEM-EDX, proton conductivity, water uptake, methanol permeability and the corresponding PEMFC performance. The results showed that comparing with the recast Nafion membrane, the highest water uptake of the composite membrane was significantly enhanced to 61.0 wt%. It was also found that compared to that of RN, the proton conductivity of all the composite membranes were increased and the methanol permeabilities were reduced. In addition, the performances of the PEMFC with the as-prepared sulfonated silica-clay nanomaterial/Nafion composite membranes were also tested on a home-made system with H2/O2 gases. The best performance of the PEMFCs with the composite membranes was 95.9% and 168.2% higher than that with RN membrane under TH2/Tcell/TO2 = 50/50/50°C condition and TH2/Tcell/TO2 = 50/80/50°C condition, respectively.

並列關鍵字

PEMFC ； Nafion ； Exfoliation ； Silica ； sulfinated ； Clay ； Sol-Gel

參考文獻

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製備磺酸化二氧化矽-蒙脫土奈米材料及其在燃料電池上之應用

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