建立供應鏈之策略性供應商選擇模式

Development of a Strategic Supplier Selection Model for the Supply Chain

黃明弘(Ming-Hon Hwang)

指導教授 ： 饒忻

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/博士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2008.00370

摘要

近二十年來，供應鏈管理受到不管是學術界或是業界相當大的重視，同時一些學者指出現在已經不只是公司與公司的競爭，而且是供應鏈與供應鏈之間的競爭。藉由供應鏈成員間之緊密結合及協同合作，供應鏈可以增加最終顧客的價值，並取得競爭優勢，如此的關係導致供應鏈成員間是雙贏的關係；所以在供應鏈中如何選擇供應鏈的成員，可說是一件非常重要的工作，這其中當然也包括供應商的選擇，因此，本研究希望針對如何在供應鏈中選擇供應商進行研究。我們首先提出一個策略性供應鏈管理架構，其是指供應鏈在執行各種功能活動時，有一個整體的策略方向，其目標是取得同一供應鏈成員間之競爭優勢與長期獲利地位；另外，在此架構之基礎上，本研究提出一個在供應鏈中之策略性供應商選擇流程。此流程強調，選擇供應商是從供應鏈整體的角度來考量，必須滿足供應鏈策略上的需要，並描述在供應鏈中選擇供應商的程序，也說明其各步驟之作業內容；同時，在供應商選擇流程中，其中一項最重要的工作，就是如何選擇最佳的供應商。本研究提出一個供應商選擇方法，此方法結合數學規劃法及基因演算法，並能在眾多供應商候選人中選出最佳的供應商。當此新的供應商在加入供應鏈後，在配合供應鏈整體策略之情況下，能使得最終產品價值最大化，並重新設定供應鏈每一個成員對產品進行加值之目標。最後本研究提出一個實際供應鏈案例，對本研究所提出之模式及方法進行實證研究，並從敏捷性供應鏈之角度探討供應商選擇，提出一套供應商選擇流程及方法加以說明。

關鍵字

供應鏈管理 ； 競爭策略 ； 供應商選擇

並列摘要

In the past two decades, supply chain management has been continuing to be the focus of attention of the people in both academic and industrial areas. Moreover, some experts point out that competition is not only between firms, but also between supply chains. With tight connections and cooperation between supply chain members, a supply chain can increase value for end customers, gain competitive advantage, and create win-win relationships among supply chain members. Therefore, selecting supply chain members that includes supplier selection is a very critical task. In this study, we aim to discuss issues on selecting the suppliers in the supply chain. We first propose a general strategic supply chain management (SSCM) framework. SSCM refers to a situation in which its members always realize the overall direction and strategy when a supply chain carries out various functional activities. The objective of SSCM is to achieve a competitive advantage and long-term profit-making position among supply chain members. Based on this SSCM framework, this study then proposes a supplier selection process, in which we should take into account the overall direction of the supply chain and fulfill the requirements of the strategy. In addition, the process not only describes the procedure of the supplier selection, but also explains the operation of each step. In the process of the supplier selection, one of the most important things is to select the best suppliers. Consequently, this study suggests the approach which integrates the integer programming method and genetic algorithm method to select the best supplier from the supplier candidates. The new supplier will maximize the value of the final product when the overall strategy in the supply chain is fulfilled. Meanwhile, this approach calculates the objective of the supply chain with the involvement of the new supplier to the supply chain and then resets the objectives for all supply chain members. Finally, this study presents a real case of supply chain to validate the model, and gives further discussion for the supplier selection in the agile supply chain and explains the context in its supplier selection process.

並列關鍵字

Supply chain management ； supplier selection ； competitive strategy

參考文獻

白昌霖 (2004)，顧客滿意導向的供應商評選模式，中原大學工業工程研究所，碩士論文。

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黃明弘、沈育樹、饒忻 (2006)，建立一個策略性物流中心選擇模式－以供應鏈管理角度探討”, 致遠資管學刊, 第一期, 頁39-53.

陳啟政 (2003)，運用總品質成本分析之供應商績效評估模式，中原大學工業工程研究所，博士論文。

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