汽車鋁合金輪圈自動化表面處理技術之研發

Research and development of automatic surface treatment technology for automobile aluminum alloy wheels

林晉霆(JIN-TING LIN)

指導教授 ： 黃信行

中原大學/工學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201900453

摘要

真空濺鍍是現代工業的重要表面處理技術。與傳統的電鍍技術相比，它在維護，抗衝擊，表面強度測試等方面更具優勢。濺射技術的其他優點，包括環保性和輕量化等，都可以用來改善產品的品質。
近年來，本研究的合作夥伴成功開發了輪輞上多層金屬薄膜濺射技術，創造出多種彩色表面，引起了消費者的興趣，逐步開拓市場，成為一種創新產品。由於輪框的顏色和風格不同，必須手動更換屏蔽夾具，並調整位置和角度，相當浪費人力資源。因此，本研究使用機器手臂和影像識別技術，為廠商建立一條智慧自動化生產線。主要目的不僅是為了節省人力，更希望能強化廠商的競爭優勢。
本研究採用影像辨識，機械臂控制，夾具設計，LoRa通信等研究方法，建立一套智慧自動化生產線。該生產線在可接受少量多樣化的生產模式。通過影像辨識，可取得輪圈的類別、偏轉角度和偏移位置。再以機器手臂夾取適當的治具，放置在輪框上。
治具的目的是在進入濺射室時產生金屬鑲嵌效果。由於不同類型的輪輞可能有不同的數量，因此治具不僅必須具有足夠的準備，而且還要可以重複使用。為此，本生產線設置了不同的進料管道，使治具可以連續補給。利用該生產線，可以觀察治具的處理和資料的流動，作為工廠實際生產的基礎。

關鍵字

真空濺鍍 ； 機械手臂 ； 影像識別 ； 智慧自動化 ； 表面處理 ； 治具設計

並列摘要

Vacuum sputtering is an important surface treatment technology for modern industry. Compared with traditional electroplating technology, it has advantages in maintenance, impact resistance, surface strength testing and so on. Other advantages of sputtering technology, including environmental friendliness and light weighting, can improve the quality of the product.
In recent years, the cooperatives of this research have successfully developed multi-layer metal film sputtering technology on rims, creating a variety of colored surfaces, which has aroused the interest of consumers and gradually opened up the market and become an innovative product. Due to the different colors and styles of the wheel frame, it is necessary to manually replace the shielding jig and adjust the position and angle, which is a waste of human resources. Therefore, this study uses a robotic arm and image recognition technology to create a smart automated production line for manufacturers. The main purpose is not only to save manpower, but also to strengthen the competitive advantage of manufacturers.
In this study, a set of intelligent automated production lines was established using image recognition, robotic arm control, fixture design, and LoRa communication. The line is accepting a small number of diverse production models. Through image recognition, the rim type, deflection angle and offset position can be obtained. Then take the appropriate jig with the robot arm and place it on the wheel frame.
The purpose of the fixture is to create a metallic shield effect when entering the sputtering chamber. Since different types of rims may have different numbers, the fixture must not only be sufficiently prepared, but also reusable. To this end, the production line is equipped with different feeding lines, so that the fixture can be continuously replenished. With this production line, it is possible to observe the processing of the fixture and the flow of data as the basis for the actual production of the factory.

並列關鍵字

vacuum sputtering ； robotic arm ； image recognition ； intelligent automation ； surface treatment ； fixture design

參考文獻

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