考量同步性及順序性之具時窗限制居家健康照護人員途程排班問題

A Home Health Care Routing and Scheduling Problem with Synchronization, Precedence and Time Windows Constraints

陶昱翔(Yu-Hsiang Tao)

指導教授 ： 林耘竹

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800094

摘要

國內面臨高齡化社會的到來，政府大力推行「長期照護十年計畫」，因此居家健康照護逐漸受到重視。照護服務十分多元，為應對不同的照護需求，各有其合適的照護計劃以整合不同專長人力。故居家健康照護人員途程排班問題（Home Health Care Routing and Scheduling Problem, HHCRSP）可視為護士排班問題及含時窗限制車輛途程規劃問題之綜合。
本研究將參考文獻，建構一考量同步性、順序性及其他相關限制居家照護作業之數學規劃模式，並求解照護計劃營運中各項成本之最小化，包含將照護人員作了資歷不同的差異性而有不同之給薪。考慮HHCRSP最佳化的求解複雜度，本研究將結合粒子群演算法、交換法及插入法提出萬用啟發式演算法，以求解HHCRSP目標之非劣解。提出考量了同步性及順序性照護作業之起始解建構以及局部改善機制的方法。藉由合理的方法產生不同問題規模之測試例題，進行演算法組合的比較與分析。利用敏感度分析探討居家照護計劃有不同考量因素時的規劃方式。
包含了起始解建構、局部改善機制的萬用啟發式演算法能有效應用於求解考量同步性及順序性之具時窗限制居家健康照護人員途程排班問題。在照護人員資源已知且有限的情況下，把資源有效且公平地投入照護計劃中，能夠降低照護服務計劃之成本。

關鍵字

居家健康照護 ； 護士排班問題 ； 含時窗限制車輛途程規劃問題 ； 萬用啟發式演算法

並列摘要

Home health care services are becoming important in hyper-aged society. Because of physiological disorder or diseases, seniors needs assistance with daily living activities in different degrees. Home care services are versatile. In this research, the Home Health Care Routing and Scheduling Problem （HHCRSP）considers services with synchronization, precedence and time windows constraints. It integrates the Nurse Rostering Problem （NRP）and the Vehicle Routing Problem with time windows（VRPTW）. The planning takes into account individual service requirements of the seniors, individual qualifications of the caregivers and possible interdependencies between different service operations. It also considers constraints related with workload and capacity among other limitations associated with seniors and caregivers. A mathematical model formulation will be proposed together with a powerful metaheuristic based on particle swarm optimization algorithms combined with local improvement procedures like insertion and swap. Because of the computational intractability, we attempt to develop the methodology to enable the continuous PSO algorithms to be efficiently applied to the HHCRSP. Several techniques will be developed for generating an initial solution which guides the search direction of the particle. Local improvements procedures will be embedded in the PSO algorithms to further improve the solution quality. The proposed methodologies will be implemented, tested, and compared with variety of instances which are generated by reasonable method.

並列關鍵字

Home health care ； Nurse rostering problem ； Vehicle routing problem with time windows ； Metaheuristics

參考文獻

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