美容醫學之民事契約研究

隨著時代不斷進步，生物科技技術的與時俱進，美容醫療產業也愈來愈蓬勃發展，民眾的需求不再是基本的溫飽，除了生活品質的要求度提高，對於個人整體外觀的需求也逐年增加，且在社群媒體影響下，美容醫學的年齡層下降，由此可見，美容醫學需求逐漸擴大，而美容醫學之種類與以往相比，更是愈來愈多元化。美容醫學看似得以立即滿足一般人對美的追求，填補對自身不滿的外表或體態，反之，每個人對於美的感受是主觀的，無法預期每個人的審美一致，也正因如此，一旦與自己所認知的結果不符，就容易產生美容醫學糾紛，也因糾紛逐漸增加，使得學界與實務界開始注意到美容醫學所產生之爭議。美容醫學係指由專業醫師透過醫學技術，執行具侵入性或低侵入性醫療技術來改善身體外觀，而非以治療疾病為主要目的，為特殊之醫療行為。也因為發展得過於快速，美容醫學的用詞從過去的微整型到現在的醫美，在主管機關基於為專業醫師、或護理人員於醫師的指導下執行醫療業務，正名為美容醫學。本文先對於美容醫學進行說明，定義醫療行為與美容醫學，依據衛福生福利部之規定將美容醫學作區分，針對兩者差異性分析之。接著，探討美容醫學之契約性質與內容等，從學者及實務判決中，觀察出各方之見解；再針對提供美容治療者之責任詳述，以及與美容醫療行為密不可分之消費者保護法之服務責任適用之問題討論，最後以近年實務上美容醫學相關案例分析之。

關鍵字

醫療行為；美容醫學契約；醫病責任；消費者保護法

並列摘要

With the continuous advancement of the times, the advancement of biotechnology and the advancement of the beauty and medical industry, the needs of the public are no longer basic food and clothing. In addition to the improvement of the quality of life, the demand for the overall appearance of the individual is also increasing. It is increasing year by year, and under the influence of social media, the age group of aesthetic medicine is declining. It can be seen that the demand for aesthetic medicine is gradually expanding, and the types of aesthetic medicine are more and more diversified than before. Aesthetic medicine seems to be able to immediately satisfy ordinary people's pursuit of beauty and fill in the appearance or body dissatisfaction with themselves. On the contrary, everyone's perception of beauty is subjective, and it is impossible to predict everyone's aesthetic consistency. If the results do not match, disputes in aesthetic medicine are likely to arise, and due to the gradual increase in disputes, the academic and practical circles have begun to pay attention to the disputes in aesthetic medicine. Aesthetic medicine refers to professional physicians performing invasive or low-invasive medical techniques to improve the appearance of the body through medical technology, rather than treating diseases as the main purpose, which is a special medical behavior. Also because of the rapid development, the wording of aesthetic medicine has changed from the micro-plastic surgery in the past to the current medical aesthetics. The competent authority is based on professional doctors or nurses who perform medical services under the guidance of doctors, and the name is now called aesthetic medicine. This article first explains aesthetic medicine, defines medical behavior and aesthetic medicine, distinguishes aesthetic medicine according to the regulations of the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Welfare, and analyzes the differences between the two. Next, discuss the nature and content of the contract in aesthetic medicine, and observe the opinions of various parties from scholars and practical judgments; Discussion on the application of service responsibilities, and finally analyze the relevant cases of cosmetic medicine in practice in recent years.