崑劇博物館展示空間構成因素研究

資訊快速流通的現代，精神文化的需求日益增加，傳統文化的傳承廣受關注，當代藝術的創新備受矚目。自崑劇被聯合國教科文組列入「人類口頭和非物質文化遺產」，其同各地戲劇的歷史、現狀和未來獲得了一定的保護、傳承和發展。兩岸各方戲劇發展至今歷經波折，終在各方人士眾志成城的保護下得以流傳至今。而現階段，崑劇發展過程依舊面臨許多困難，卻也充滿機遇。而博物館展示空間的規劃設計等構成因素，亦有諸多創新和嘗試，為展示空間資訊傳播和知識分享提供了更有效的環境。因此，本研究期望借博物館展示空間，來宣傳崑劇的文學、美術、音樂和表演等藝術價值，借已有的兩岸戲劇博物館的案例來研究適用於崑劇的空間構成因素。本研究將先就文獻研究法，分析彙整崑劇和博物館展示的資料，找到博物館展示空間和崑劇的相融之處。並就兩岸戲劇進行比照後，研讀兩岸戲劇之展示空間的案例，歸納出展示空間構成之因素。這此基礎上，由訪談作為直性研究的方法，依據立意取樣的原則，尋找兩岸戲劇或博物館展示空間相關的專家為訪談物件。請教專家們對於崑劇和博物館展示空間之觀點和建議。在匯總了文獻資料和專家訪談後，本研究所得之結論如下：一、崑劇是時間和空間的藝術，建立崑劇博物館是有利於崑劇和展示空間共同發展的，並且兩岸戲劇更是有著千絲萬縷的聯繫，兩岸戲劇展示空間極具研究價值。二、崑劇博物館展示空間規劃出崑劇基礎介紹空間、展演空間、特展空間、沉浸體驗空間、智能化空間、販賣空間皆益於展現崑劇風采。三、崑劇是動態和靜態皆具的藝術，因此，在靜態展示中有動態表演，在動態表演中有靜態展示。崑劇可以傳統也可以現代，因此，在空間中加入現代技術和文化創新的元素有利於更有效的展示崑劇之美。四、為了崑劇的源遠流長，展示的構成元素既要通俗易懂，也需面面俱到。令空間具有趣味性，另參觀者可以產生共鳴，另崑劇生態健康發展。

關鍵字

崑劇；博物館；展示空間

並列摘要

In the modern era of rapid information circulation, the demand for spiritual culture is increasing, the inheritance of traditional culture is widely concerned, and the innovation of contemporary art is attracting much attention. Since Kunqu Opera was listed as “the Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity” by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the history, current situation and future of Kunqu Opera and operas from other places have been protected, inherited and developed to a certain extent. In their development process, operas at both sides of the Taiwan Straits have gone through all kinds of trials and tribulations, and has finally survived under the protection of people from all sides. At present, the development of Kunqu Opera is still faced with many difficulties, but also full of opportunities. Furthermore, there are also many innovations and attempts in the planning and design of museum exhibition space, which provide a more effective environment for information dissemination and knowledge sharing of exhibition space. Therefore, this study expects to use museum exhibition space to promote Kunqu Opera’s artistic values of literature, fine arts, music and performance, and explores the spatial composition factors applicable to Kunqu Opera using the existing cases of cross-strait opera museums. Besides, in this study, the method of literature research is adopted to find the integration of museum exhibition space and Kunqu Opera by analyzing the data related to Kunqu Opera and museum exhibitions, operas at both sides of the Taiwan Straits are compared to conclude the factors of the composition of exhibition space by investigating the cases of exhibition space of operas on both sides. On this basis, interviews are taken as the method of direct research, and experts related to opera or museum exhibition space on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are sought as the interview objects according to the principle of intent sampling to consult their opinions and suggestions on Kunqu Opera and museum exhibition space. After summarizing the literature and interviews with experts, the conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Kunqu Opera is an art of time and space. The establishment of Kunqu Opera Museum is conducive to the common development of Kunqu Opera and exhibition space. Moreover, since operas on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are closely linked, the exhibition space of operas on both sides of the Straits is of great research value. 2. Kunqu Opera Museum exhibition space, including the space of fundamental introduction, performance, special exhibition, immersive experience, intelligence, and selling of Kunqu Opera, will benefit the full display of Kunqu Opera style. 3. Kunqu Opera is a dynamic and static art. Thus, there is dynamic performance in static display, and static display in dynamic performance. Kunqu Opera can be traditional or modern. Therefore, adding modern technology and cultural innovation to the space is conducive to effectively displaying the beauty of Kunqu Opera. 4. For better inheriting and carrying forward Kunqu Opera, the elements of the exhibition should not only be easy to understand, but also be comprehensive, so as to make the space interesting, and to strike a chord in visitors, making the ecological development of Kunqu Opera healthy.