射出成型PC含百分之五十玻纖產品成型特性與機械性質之研究

Study on the Mechanical Properties of Injection Molded Polycarbonate with 50% Glass Fiber

黃松安(Seng-An Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳夏宗 教授

中原大學/工學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400301

摘要

中文摘要
由於近幾年來塑膠產品的許多優勢使得其應用大幅提升，不僅在一般日常生活所用之產品，更被利用於取代金屬件達到重量減輕的目的。然而，就機械強度而言，塑料必須提升其強度才能有效應用，因此強化塑膠在此層面上就顯得相對重要。在塑膠材料中添加填充材為最簡易增強機械性質的方式，例如玻璃纖維以及碳纖維等，配合不同比例之填充材可達到所需的強度。為了解高含量的填充材(填充材大於30%)在塑膠射出成型的加工與機械性質，本論文選用PC(聚碳酸酯)添加50%玻璃纖維作為實驗材料，並針對其成型過程的參數選用對於機械強度的影響作探討，以提供產業應用參考。
在成型參數選用部分，依照一般生產所需各因子中取最主要影響成型品質的三種因子，分別設計三種不同水準進行實驗，其因子為保壓壓力、模具溫度以及射出速度。並且利用國際測試ASTM標準拉伸測試試片進行拉伸強度試驗，並記錄其結果。
從研究結果得知，成型條件對於機械性質有直接影響，在保壓壓力對於機械性質而言，保壓壓力越高則拉伸強度則會隨之升高。而在模具溫度對於機械性質方面，拉伸強度則隨模溫升高而升高。另一方面，射出速度也會直接影響其強度，速度越快則拉伸強度將有所提升。從以上觀點可知，不同參數將影響拉伸性質的強弱，在成型選用此材料時可供參考。
另一方面加上肉厚之差異化做比較，所得結果呈現出單位面積下，薄肉厚的試片抗拉強度相對較佳。纖維排向經CAE軟體分析結果，其趨勢也是薄肉厚的呈現出較佳的排向。試片經SEM電子顯微掃描其斷點截面之微細特徵，驗證結果確實也是薄肉厚的纖維排向較佳。

關鍵字

玻璃纖維、塑膠射出成型、聚碳酸酯

並列摘要

Abstract
Due to the numerous advantages of plastic material, the application for them soars not only in normally living tools but the replacement of metal part aimed for weight reducing as well. The mechanical property, however, needs to be improved for more effective way to use. Therefore, the fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) is essential material in this perspective. For achieving increment of mechanical property, additive is easy to be added into plastic resin with various weight proportions as a new composite such as glass fiber or carbon fiber. In order to investigate the molding characteristic and the mechanical property of high proportion FRP, which the additive is up to 30%, this study uses PC+50% glass fiber (GF) as experiment material.
In this study, we choose three of all the parameter which can directly influence the product quality, and three levels for each factor. Those factors are packing pressure, mold temperature, and injection speed. On the other hand, international ASTM standard tensile test chip is employed as the specimen for mechanical property test.
The result shows that the injection molding condition is directly related to the product property. For the effect of packing pressure to the property, the higher packing pressure it is, the greater property it gets. In terms of the effect of mold temperature to the property, the higher temperature is able to strengthen the specimen. On the other hand, the fast injection speed weakens the strength of specimen is determined. From the results above, those can be the reference as real molding.

並列關鍵字

glass fiber、plastic injection molding、polycarbonate

參考文獻

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