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  • 學位論文

高溫活化碳球製備活性碳移除污染物之研究

A study on removal of contaminants by carbon sphere using high temperature activation

指導教授 : 趙煥平

摘要


本研究以葡萄糖和蔗糖作為材料,以水熱合成法製成碳球後,於600到900度之間進行高溫活化,以高溫活化製備活性碳後,再利用有機酸(丙烯酸)對合成活性碳進行接枝實驗,將有機酸上的官能基嫁接至活性碳上以提高對陽離子之吸附效能。合成之材料,將利用SEM、TEM、EDS、FTIR及氮吸脫附曲線等儀器測定吸附劑的表面性質、孔洞大小與元素含量。在吸附測試方面,以酸性染料分子(AR1)、鹼性染料分子(MG5)、兩種重金屬(Cu2+及Pb2+)及有機物(酚)為吸附質,再藉由改質前後的活性碳對污染物進行吸附試驗,以吸附量差異探討合成吸附劑之應用潛能。 由SEM結果得知葡萄糖製活性碳尺寸約2微米,蔗糖製活性碳尺寸則為8微米,由TEM結果顯示,活性碳經活化後內部富含孔洞,而由BET測定結果可證明,活性碳比表面積皆在500m2/g以上,且活化溫度愈高表面積愈大,EDS分析後發現活性碳主要元素為碳、氧,接枝後則多了鈉或鈰離子,而FTIR則顯示,活性碳表面主要為COOH基,此官能基可提供離子交換能力,增加吸附陽離子污染物的能力。最後在吸附測試方面,使用Langmuir方程式計算出吸附劑對污染物之最大吸附量,其中葡萄糖製活性碳對酚的最大吸附量為221mg/g,對AR1為1.56mg/g、對MG5是92.7 mg/g、對鉛是647 mg/g、對銅則是165mg/g;蔗糖製活性碳對酚的最大吸附量為207 mg/g,對AR1為3.66mg/g、對MG5是614mg/g、對鉛是20.6 mg/g;接枝葡萄糖製活性碳對酚的最大吸附量為189 mg/g,對AR1為13.4mg/g、對MG5是94.6 mg/g、對鉛是594 mg/g、對銅則是52.5mg/g;接枝蔗糖製活性碳對酚的最大吸附量為148mg/g,對AR1為0.644mg/g、對MG5是20.9mg/g、對鉛是145 mg/g。

並列摘要


The objective of this study is to develop activated carbon for removing various contaminants including heavy metals, dyes and organic compounds from aqueous solution.The activated carbon are made from glucose and sucrose by hydrothermal method under 190 degrees to produce carbon sphere and then the carbon sphere was calcinated under 600~900 degrees. Finally, the activated carbon were copolymerized carboxylate salt (-COO-Na+) by grafting process with acrylic acid. The activated carbons were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDS and BET. The sizes of activated carbon in SEM images resulting from glucose and sucrose are 2 micrometer and 8 micrometer, respectively. All of them in TEM images indicatethe porousproperties. The FTIR spectra showed that the activated carbon possesses rich functional groups in hydroxyl (OH-) and carboxylate (COO-).The element composite form EDS can demonstrate C and O are regarded as primary elements.The maximum adsorption capacities of the activated carbons were estimated by Langmuir equation. The results indicated maximum adsorption capacities for phenol,cationic dye MG5, anionic dye AR1, Pb2+and Cu2+ toward specific activated carbonsare 220, 614, 13.4, 647 and 165 mg/g, respectively.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


溫宇淳(2016)。製備具高除污能力碳球之研究〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700032

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