應用文字探勘探討COVID-19疫情前後勞方工作議題異同之研究

工作是人一生必經過程，時空背景的不同顯現著勞資關係的差異化，現今社會因資訊透明性高更凸顯勞資關係之重要性，對此勞資關係更容易形成對立狀態，根據勞動部資料顯示勞資爭議事件一直持續發生並無明顯改善之趨勢，此外，再加上COVID-19衝擊全球經濟，對於各大產業影響甚大並間接影響勞方權益，故本研究希望透過網路自由言論探討COVID-19前後期勞資關係之變化。根據過往研究勞資關係甚多，研究方向大多單一偏向工作內部狀況例如：職場壓力、升遷、衝突等內部事件，對於此次COVID-19是否影響著勞資關係的議題仍相當之欠缺。故本研究透過量化分析了解網路PTT職場相關評論，並使用文字探勘技術加以分析了解勞方對於此次疫情前後的同異性及勞方所重視之議題為何。分析結果顯示疫情前勞方側重議題於職場趨勢、職場狀況、市場人才需求、面試條件，疫情中側重議題於工作能力、疫情中勞動權益、職場壓力、職場趨勢、人才需求，希望研究結果能夠為人力資源部門或人力相關產業提供參考。

關鍵字

LDA ；文字探勘；勞資關係；餘弦相似度

並列摘要

Work is a necessary part in life. The differentiation in labor relations is reflected in the different time background, and the importance of labor relations is emphasized by the information transparency in today's society, which makes it easier for labor relations to turn into confrontation. According to the data from the Ministry of Labor, labor disputes have been consistently occurring with no noticeable improvement over time. In addition, the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy has had a significant influence on major industries and indirectly affected the labor rights. Therefore, this study hopes to explore the changes in labor relations before and after COVID-19 through freedom of speech on the Internet. According to the past studies on labor relations, the study primarily focused on work-related internal conditions such as workplace pressure, position promotion, conflict, and other internal incidents, but there was still a lack of discussion on whether the COVID-19 outbreak affected labor relations. Thus, this study used the quantitative analysis to understand the comments related to the workplace in the PTT network, and used the text mining technique to analyze the similarities and differences before and after the epidemic and the issues that were important to the labor side. The results of the analysis showed that before the epidemic, the issues on the labor side emphasized on workplace trends, workplace conditions, the demand for talents in the market, and interview requirements; while during the epidemic, the issues on the labor side emphasized on work ability, labor rights during the epidemic, workplace pressure, workplace trends, and the demand for talents in the market. We hope that the results of the study can provide a useful reference for human resources departments or relevant industries in the future.