應用於模具製造之多階層零工式的自動排程系統

塑膠射出成型早已廣泛應用於各種產品，隨著塑膠產品的多樣化及生命週期的縮短，導致模具的製造及開發的時間相對被壓縮；而模具的零件種類繁多，製程的順序及工時也隨著零件的不同有所差異。現今實務上多採用工作站的方式增加總產能，故傳統的單機排程的方式已經不能符合實際產線的需求，為了更貼近實際的產線，應使用平行機台排程方式規劃製造排程，提高機台使用率及縮短模具製造時間。另外也針對電極與治具之前置工序的部分，加入階層分析的篩選機制判斷及最佳化排程，以確保各個工序要進行加工時，其前置零件或是前置工序皆已完成。本研究先以先進先出法則結合最早交期法則以及實際生產線的現場經驗，根據模具製程規劃表中給定的加工機台群組、零件上下階層關係、加工工序、預估工時以及模具交期等限制條件，進行快速的分析並進行自動預排，先得到一個初步的排程結果；接著再利用蟻群演算法的最佳化求解能力，以零件製程工序做為螞蟻旅行的節點結合自動預排結果得到的指標分析，藉由費洛蒙矩陣的運算與蟻群系統三大法則的運作，進行排程最佳化，幫助縮短模具製造時間，也有效的解決在模具製造上具複雜先後階層工序的零工式排程問題。

關鍵字

模具製造；先進先出法則；最早交期法則；蟻群演算法；排程最佳化

並列摘要

Plastic injection molding has been widely used in various products. Since the diversification of plastic products and the characteristic of short life cycle, mold manufacturing and developing time are relatively compressed. The manufacturing time and order will be different for different mold prats. Nowadays adding more workshops is a way to increase the total capacity. However the traditional stand-alone scheduling cannot meet the needs of the actual production line. This study applied parallel machine scheduling to improve machine utilization and shorten mold manufacturing time. Also the study uses the hierarchical analysis to determine preprocess for electrodes and fixtures, so that every preprocess can be completed before different processes. This study uses the first-in first-out rule is combined with the earliest delivery rules and the actual experience of the production line. According to the mold scheduling table, the processing machines, the processing relations of the parts, the processing steps, the estimated working hours, and the mold completed deadline and other restrictions will be analyzed rapidly and pre-planning automatically, so the system get a preliminary scheduling results. Then by using Ant Colony Optimization to optimize machines scheduling. The study makes every process as an ant travel node with the pre-row analysis and operates with Pheromone Matrix and the three principles in Ant Colony Optimization to optimize the schedule. Thus, the mold manufacturing time can be decrease, also the complicated problem Job-shop scheduling can be solved.

並列關鍵字

Mold Manufacturing ； First-in-first-out Rule ； Earliest Delivery Rule ； Ant Colony Optimization ； Scheduling Optimization

參考文獻

[1] Wong, T. N., Leung, C. W., Mak, K. L., and Fung, R. Y. K., 2006, “Dynamic Shopfloor Scheduling in Multi-agent Manufacturing Systems,” Expert Systems With Applications, 31(3), pp. 486-494.

[2] Wong, T. N., Leung, C. W., Mak, K. L. , and Fung, R. Y. K., 2006, “Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling/Rescheduling with an Agent-based Approach,” International Journal of Production Research, 44(18-19), pp. 3627-3655.

[3] Wong, T. N., Leung, C. W., Mak, K. L., and Fung, R. Y. K., 2006, “An Agent-based Negotiation Approach to Integrate Process Planning and Scheduling,” International Journal of Production Research, 44(7), pp. 1331-1351.

[4] Zhang, L., Wong, T.N., and Fung, R.Y.K, 2012, “A Multi-agent System for Dynamic Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Using Heuristics,” Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications, 7327, pp. 309-318.

[5] Kim, Y. K., Park, K., and Ko, J., 2003, “A Symbiotic Evolutionary Algorithm for the Integration of Process Planning and Job Shop Scheduling,” Computers and Operations Research, 30(8), pp. 1151-1171.

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應用於模具製造之多階層零工式的自動排程系統

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