淡水文化旅遊意涵之研究

文化旅遊起源於公元前五世紀的古羅馬時期古羅馬人到訪希臘與埃及遊歷開始，直到了二十世紀初，文化旅遊成為富裕的、教育程度高的人的消遣度假方式。現今，人們為了滿足自身的文化需求，促使文化旅遊由小眾的旅遊形式發展成潮流所趨的大眾旅遊形式。文化旅遊的驅動力是文化本身，而文化旅遊亦是一種涉及文化因素的旅遊形式。文化的重要決定因素之一便是場所精神，不同地域的文化旅遊體驗在於體驗不同地方的場所特質與精神。淡水做為台灣有名的旅遊城鎮之一，曾當選台灣八景，因此，淡水具有非常高的旅遊價值。而淡水曾是北台灣地區與國際溝通的轉運港口，容納了世界各地不同地區的商人經商與居住，留下了豐富且特殊的異國文化，這些文化帶給人們方向感與認同感。有鑑於此，本研究即以淡水為研究對象，探討文化旅遊所體現的場所精神。淡水是早期台灣的一個國際貿易轉運站，亦是台灣開發較早的地區之一。自十六世紀中葉以來，不少中國人、西班牙人、日本人與原住民就在淡水進行貿易活動。荷西時期更是東南亞貿易重要的交易點，淡水港已然形成市集與商業聚落。鄭氏統治時期，淡水成了存放稻米的倉庫。隨著清朝的統治開放了漢人拓墾，許多洋行陸續在此設點，淡水在北台灣奠定了堅實的基礎。日治時期，日人陸續在淡水設立官方機構，法制化管理，是的淡水進入了日本殖民的現代化生活秩序。國民政府時期，加強淡水的交通建設，興建捷運。而淡水現代化發展的加速，雖然使得生活環境逐漸同質化，而因大力發展文化類型的旅遊觀光，淡水依舊保持著昔日的人文歷史與歷史紋理，故以淡水作為文化旅遊對於場所精神的體現之探討具有其代表性。本研究根據淡水的文化特性、地理區位與空間型態與場所精神進行研究探討，並且以淡水市街及周邊地區為主要研究對象，以場所精神的角度對文化旅遊的意涵進行詮釋。根據論述成果提出淡水推行文化旅遊以來所產生的變化，並且對淡水文化旅遊的可持續發展提出相關建議，期望對淡水文化旅遊的規劃與發展一個參考，繼而達到推動文化保存與延續地方記憶的使命。

關鍵字

淡水市街；文化；文化旅遊；場所精神

並列摘要

Cultural tourism originated in the Roman period of the 5th century BC. Ancient Romans began to visit Greece and Egypt. Until the beginning of the 20th century, cultural tourism became a recreational and recreational way for wealthy and highly educated people. Nowadays, in order to meet their own cultural needs, people have promoted cultural tourism from a small form of tourism to a popular form of mass tourism. The driving force of cultural tourism is culture itself, and cultural tourism is also a form of tourism involving cultural factors. One of the important determinants of culture is the spirit of the place. The cultural tourism experience in different regions lies in experiencing the traits and spirit of different places. As one of Taiwan's famous tourist towns, Tamsui was elected as one of Taiwan's eight scenic spots. Therefore, Tamsui has a very high tourism value. Tamsui was once a transshipment port for communication between the North Taiwan region and the international community. It accommodated merchants from different parts of the world to do business and residence, leaving a rich and special exotic culture that gives people a sense of direction and identity. In view of this, this study takes fresh water as the research object and explores the spirit of the place embodied in cultural tourism. Tamsui is an international trade transshipment station in early Taiwan and one of the earliest areas in Taiwan. Since the middle of the 16th century, many Chinese, Hispanic, Japanese, and Aboriginal people have been trading in Tamsui. The Jose Dynasty was an important trading point for Southeast Asian trade, and the Tamsui port has already formed a market and commercial settlement. During the reign of Zheng, fresh water became a warehouse for storing rice. As the rule of the Qing Dynasty opened up the Han people, many foreign banks successively set up a point here, and Tamsui laid a solid foundation in northern Taiwan. During the Japanese occupation period, Japanese people successively set up official institutions in Tamsui, legalized management, and the fresh water entered the modern living order of the Japanese colonies. During the National Government, the construction of Tamsui traffic was strengthened and the MRT was built. The acceleration of the modernization of Tamsui, although the living environment is gradually homogenized, and because of the vigorous development of cultural types of tourism, Tamsui still maintains the historical history and historical texture of the past, so the discussion of the use of fresh water as a cultural tourism for the spirit of the place Has its representative. Based on the cultural characteristics, geographical location, spatial pattern and genius loci of Tamsui, this study focuses on the Tamsui quarter anchors and surrounding areas, and interprets the meaning of cultural tourism from the perspective of genius loci. According to the results of the discussion, it proposes the changes that have been made since the implementation of cultural tourism in Tamsui, and puts forward relevant suggestions for the sustainable development of Tamsui cultural tourism. It is expected to provide a reference for the planning and development of Tamsui cultural tourism, and then achieve the mission of promoting cultural preservation and continuing local memory.